The Effects of Hydrothermal Temperatures on ZnO-Bentonite Composite Synthesis on Adsorption and Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Dye
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Keywords:
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ZnO-Bentonite, Hydrothermal Synthesis, Adsorption, Photodegradation, Methylene Blue
Abstract
This study explores the influence of hydrothermal temperatures on the synthesis of ZnO-Bentonite composites and their efficiency in the adsorption and photodegradation of Methylene Blue dye. ZnO nanoparticles were integrated into Na-Bentonite, with composites synthesized at hydrothermal temperatures of 100°C and 200°C. Various characterization techniques such as XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis DRS, TG-DTA and BET were utilized to analyze the structural and thermal properties. The results show that the composite synthesized at 200°C exhibits superior performance, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 120.48 mg/g at 50°C, significantly higher than the 49.26 mg/g achieved by the composite synthesized at 100°C. Moreover, the enhanced crystallinity and increased surface area, as evidenced by a 16 nm crystallite size at 100°C and 22 nm at 200°C, led to improved photocatalytic activity. The research concludes that higher hydrothermal temperatures improve both adsorption and photodegradation efficiency, making the composite synthesized at 200°C more effective for environmental applications.
References
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Tripathi, S. K. (2020). Synergistic Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles in Bentonite-Based Composites for Environmental Applications. Materials Research Bulletin, 128; 110919
Wang, R., H. Zhao, D. Yang, et al. (2020). Adsorption of dyes by ZnO-bentonite composites and its photodegradation under UV light. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 389; 122054
Wu, Z., W. Deng, S. Tang, E. Ruiz-Hitzky, J. Luo, and X. Wang (2021). Pod-inspired MXene/porous carbon microspheres with ultrahigh adsorption capacity towards crystal violet. Chemical Engineering Journal, 426; 130776
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Zhang, H., N. Chen, Z. Tong, Q. Liu, Y. Tang, Z. Zhou, and H. Shi (2017). Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Congo Red on Bentonite Modified With CaCO3. Key Engineering Materials, 727; 853–858
Zhao, W. (2020). Removal of Toxic Dyes Using ZnO-Clay Composites: Mechanisms and Optimization. Journal of Cleaner Production, 276; 124295
Zhu, H., Y. Jia, X. Wu, and H. Wang (2020). Synthesis of ZnO-Bentonite Composites for Enhanced Adsorption of Methylene Blue From Aqueous Solutions. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 8(5); 104014
El-Khaiary, M. I. (2020). Adsorption isotherms and kinetics of methylene blue on bentonite. Desalination and Water Treatment, 188; 370–380
Gao, P., Z. Zhang, and Z. Feng (2020). Adsorption kinetics of methylene blue by ZnO-bentonite nanocomposite. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 38; 101612
Garcia, J. C. et al. (2019). Improved Adsorption Capacity of ZnO-Bentonite Composite for Dye Removal. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 550; 245–252
Gillman, P. (2021). Toxicological Properties of Methylene Blue in Wastewater. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 415; 125606
Gupta, V. K., and T. A. Saleh (2020). Adsorption of pollutants from aqueous solutions using activated carbon-based nanocomposites: A review. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 14; 100346
Huang, Z., Y. Li, W. Chen, J. Shi, N. Zhang, X. Wang, Z. Li, L. Gao, and Y. Zhang (2017). Modified bentonite adsorption of organic pollutants of dye wastewater. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 202; 266–276
Inyinbor, A. A. (2016). Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Congo Red from Aqueous Solution Using Bentonite. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 4(4); 4041–4049
Jiang, T. (2022). Advances in the removal of methylene blue dye using photocatalytic and adsorption techniques. Environmental Science & Technology, 56(4); 2341–2354
Kabra, A. N. (2020). Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Using ZnO-Bentonite Composites. Catalysis Today, 360; 305–314
Karthik, R., and S. Meenakshi (2019). ZnO Decorated on Bentonite for the Removal of Cationic Dyes in Water Treatment. Materials Research Bulletin, 118; 110521
Litefti, K., M. S. Freire, M. Stitou, and J. González-álvarez (2019). Adsorption of an Anionic Dye (Congo Red) from Aqueous Solutions by Pine Bark. Scientific Reports, 9; 16530
Liu, X. (2021). Enhanced Porosity and Adsorption of Methylene Blue by ZnO-Doped Bentonite. Applied Clay Science, 205; 106037
Nguyen, T. H., Y. Chen, and L. Wang (2020). Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZnO-Bentonite Nanocomposites and Their Enhanced Adsorption and Photocatalytic Activity for Dye Removal. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 8(6); 104326
Oladoye, P. O. (2022). Methylene Blue Removal by Modified Bentonite: Insights Into Adsorption and Photocatalytic Properties. Applied Clay Science, 227; 106636
Patel, M. (2018). ZnO Nanoparticles Incorporation in Bentonite: Structural Modifications and Adsorption Efficiency. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 353; 100–107
Sahnoun, S., M. Boutahala, C. Tiar, and A. Kahoul (2018). Adsorption of tartrazine from an aqueous solution by octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide-modified bentonite: Kinetics and isotherm modeling. Comptes Rendus Chimie, 21(3-4); 391–398
Sasikala, S. P., T. A. Nibila, K. B. Babitha, A. Azeez, and P. Mohamed (2019). Competitive Photo-Degradation Performance of ZnO Modified Bentonite Clay in Water Containing Both Organic and Inorganic Contaminants. Sustainable Environment Research, 29(1); 1–12
Tripathi, S. K. (2020). Synergistic Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles in Bentonite-Based Composites for Environmental Applications. Materials Research Bulletin, 128; 110919
Wang, R., H. Zhao, D. Yang, et al. (2020). Adsorption of dyes by ZnO-bentonite composites and its photodegradation under UV light. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 389; 122054
Wu, Z., W. Deng, S. Tang, E. Ruiz-Hitzky, J. Luo, and X. Wang (2021). Pod-inspired MXene/porous carbon microspheres with ultrahigh adsorption capacity towards crystal violet. Chemical Engineering Journal, 426; 130776
Yang, C. (2021). Factors Influencing the Adsorption of Dyes Onto ZnO-Modified Bentonite: A Review. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(5); 105412
Zhang, H., N. Chen, Z. Tong, Q. Liu, Y. Tang, Z. Zhou, and H. Shi (2017). Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Congo Red on Bentonite Modified With CaCO3. Key Engineering Materials, 727; 853–858
Zhao, W. (2020). Removal of Toxic Dyes Using ZnO-Clay Composites: Mechanisms and Optimization. Journal of Cleaner Production, 276; 124295
Zhu, H., Y. Jia, X. Wu, and H. Wang (2020). Synthesis of ZnO-Bentonite Composites for Enhanced Adsorption of Methylene Blue From Aqueous Solutions. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 8(5); 104014
Authors
Zulkarnain, Hakim, Y. M. ., Melwita, E., & Mohadi, R. (2024). The Effects of Hydrothermal Temperatures on ZnO-Bentonite Composite Synthesis on Adsorption and Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Dye. Science and Technology Indonesia, 9(4), 1033–1041. https://doi.org/10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.1033-1041
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