Fe3O4-SiO2-Alginate Photocatalyst for Textile Dyes Waste Degradation
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Keywords:
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Textile Waste, Photocatalyst, Fe3O4, SiO2, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
Abstract
Fe3O4 is a photocatalyst that is used to degrade textile dye waste which can be collected and reused. Fe3O4 was prepared by coprecipitation method, then impregnated with SiO2 and sodium alginate. The purposes of this study were to investigate the degradation of textile dye waste using a Fe3O4-SiO2-alginate photocatalyst, to examine the light and dark test of photocatalyst under the influence of concentration and irradiation time. The type of light used was a 14.5-watt Philips LED lamp with a wavelength of 400-640 nm. Photocatalyst characterizations were conducted using FTIR, UV-Vis DRS, and XRD. The light and dark test of photocatalyst was carried out by photodegradation of textile dye waste with 0.5 g of photocatalyst with concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% and irradiation times were varied for 60, 90, 120 min. The degradation results were measured by calculating the COD value. The results of characterization by FTIR showed that the photocatalyst Fe3O4-SiO2-Alginate had absorption at wavelengths of 637.56 cm−1 and 3365.86 cm−1 which indicated the Fe-O-Si functional group and O-H stretching vibration. Results of UV-Vis DRS were analyzed using Origin Pro 2022 and revealed that the band energy gap for Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-SiO2 were 2.20 eV and 1.77 eV, respectively. The XRD results analysis with Match!3 software showed that for Fe3O4 had magnetite phases, while SiO2 had amorphous cristobalite phases. The 15% (w/v) Fe3O4 concentration in the form of powder and granules degraded batik liquid waste by 79.6% and 84.48%, respectively.
References
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Tak, B. y., B. s. Tak, Y. j. Kim, Y. J. Park, Y. h. Yoon, and G. h. Min (2015). Optimization of Color and COD Removal from Livestock Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Process: Application of Box–Behnken Design (BBD). Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 28(4); 307–315
Thiyagarajan, R., X. Yan, V. Pazhanivelu, A. P. B. Selvadurai, R. Murugaraj, and W. Yang (2018). Doping Effect of Alkali Metal Elements on the Structural Stability and Transport Properties of ZnO at High Pressures. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 751(5); 266–274
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Yuliasari, N., R. M. Amri, and A. L. Elfita (2021). Improvement of Congo Red Photodegradation Performance Through Zn/Al-TiO2 and Zn/Al-ZnO Preparation. Science and Technology Indonesia, 7(4); 449–454
Ardiyanti, H., D. Puspitarum, O. Maryana, and W. Pujakesuma (2019). Synthesis and Bonding Analysis of Magnetite (Fe3o4)/silica (Sio2) Composite Based on Sugarcane Bagasse. Journal of Science and Applicative Technology, 2(1); 197–200
Asab, G., E. A. Zereffa, and T. Abdo Seghne (2020). Synthesis of Silica-coated Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by Microemulsion Method: Characterization and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity. International Journal of Biomaterials, 2020(6); 1–11
Aziztyana, A. P., S. Wardhani, Y. P. Prananto, and D. Purwonugroho (2019). Optimisation of Methyl Orange Photodegradation Using TiO2 zeolite Photocatalyst and H2O2 in Acid Condition. Materials Science and Engineering, 546(4); 042047
Bayat, M., V. Javanbakht, and J. Esmaili (2018). Synthesis of Zeolite/Nickel Ferrite/Sodium Alginate Bionanocomposite Via a coprecipitation Technique for Efficient Removal of Water-soluble Methylene Blue Dye. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 116(7); 607–619
Benali, F., B. Boukoussa, I. Ismail, M. Hachemaoui, J. Iqbal, I. Taha, Z. Cherifi, and A. Mokhtar (2021). One Pot Preparation of CeO2@ Alginate Composite Beads for the Catalytic Reduction of MB Dye: Effect of Cerium Percentage. Surfaces and Interfaces, 26(2); 101306
Chang, H., Q. Lin, M. Cheng, K. Zhang, B. Feng, J. Chai, Y. Lv, and Z. Men (2022). Effects of Potassium Loading Over Iron–Silica Interaction, Phase Evolution and Catalytic Behavior of Precipitated Iron-Based Catalysts for FischerTropsch Synthesis. Catalysts, 12(8); 916
Dhaneswara, D., J. F. Fatriansyah, F. W. Situmorang, and A. N. Haqoh (2020). Synthesis of Amorphous Silica from Rice Husk ash: Comparing HCI and CH3COOH Acidification Methods and Various Alkaline Concentrations. Synthesis, 11(1); 200–208
Fatimah, I., F. U. Zaenuri, L. N. Doewandono, A. Yahya, P. W. Citradewi, S. Sagadevan, and W. C. Oh (2021). Biogenic Silica Extracted from Salacca Leaves Ash for the Adsorption of Salycilic Acid. Science and Technology Indonesia, 6(4); 296–302
Gong, T. and Y. Tang (2020). Preparation of Multifunctional Nanocomposites F e3O4@SiO2–EDTA and its Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions in Water Solution. Water Science and Technology, 81(1); 170–177
Gunlazuardi, J., A. Fisli, R. Ridwan, Y. K. Krisnandi, and D. Robert (2021). Magnetically Separable Fe3O4/SiO2/TiO2 Photocatalyst Composites Prepared Through Hetero Agglomeration for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Paraquat. Makara Journal of Science, 25(4); 6
Hedayati, K., M. Goodarzi, and D. Ghanbari (2017). Hydrothermal Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Flame Resistance Magnetic Poly Styrene Nanocomposite. Journal of Nanostructures, 7(1); 32–39
Kabir, R., M. A. K. Saifullah, A. Z. Ahmed, S. M. Masum, and M. A. I. Molla (2020). Synthesis of n-doped zno Nanocomposites for Sunlight Photocatalytic Degradation of Textile Dye Pollutants. Journal of Composites Science, 4(2); 49
Kamari, S. and F. Ghorbani (2021). Extraction of Highly Pure Silica from Rice Husk as an Agricultural By-product and Its Application In the Production of Magnetic Mesoporous Silica MCM–41. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 11(6); 3001–3009
Keshavarz, M., M. Ottesen, S. Wiedmann, M. Wharmby, R. Küchler, H. Yuan, E. Debroye, J. A. Steele, J. Martens, and N. E. Hussey (2019). Tracking Structural Phase Transitions in Lead-Halide Perovskites by Means of Thermal Expansion. Advanced Materials, 31(24); 1900521
Kouotou, P. M., A. El Kasmi, L. N. Wu, M. Waqas, and Z. Y. Tian (2018). Particle Size Band Gap Energy Catalytic Properties Relationship of PSE CVD Derived Fe3O4 Thin Films. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 93(3); 427–435
Luthfiah, A., Y. Deawati, M. L. Firdaus, I. Rahayu, and D. R. Eddy (2021). Silica from Natural Sources: a Review on the Extraction and Potential Application as a Supporting Photocatalytic Material for Antibacterial Activity. Science and Technology Indonesia, 6(3); 144–155
Madima, N., K. K. Kefeni, S. B. Mishra, A. K. Mishra, and A. T. Kuvarega (2022). Fabrication of Magnetic Recoverable Fe3O4/TiO2 Heterostructure for Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B dye. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 145; 109966
Mohammadi, R. and N. Sabourmoghaddam (2019). Adsorption of Azo Dye Methyl Orange from Aqueous Solutions Using TiO2 SiO2/Alginate Nanocomposite. Asian Journal of Green Chemistry, 4(1); 107–120
Nikmah, A., A. Taufiq, and A. Hidayat (2019). Synthesis and Characterization of Fe3O4/SiO2 Nanocomposites. Earth and Environmental Science, 276(1); 012046
Nisaa, A. K., S. Wardhani, and D. Purwonugroho (2018). Tempe Waste Water Degradation Using TiO2-N/Bentonite alginate Granule Photocatalyst with Ultraviolet Light Irradiation. Materials Science and Engineering, 299(1); 012030
Sapei, L., K. S. Padmawijaya, A. Sutejo, and L. Theresia (2015). Karakterisasi Silika Sekam Padi dengan Variasi Temperatur Leaching Menggunakan Asam Asetat. Jurnal Teknik Kimia, 9(2); 38–43 (In Indonesia)
Saragi, T., B. Permana, M. Saputri, L. Safriani, and R. Iman Rahayu (2018). Karakteristik Optik dan Kristal Nanopartikel Magnetit. JIIF (Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika), 2(1); 53–56 (In Indonesia)
Song, N. N., H. T. Yang, H. L. Liu, X. Ren, H. F. Ding, X. Q. Zhang, and Z. H. Cheng (2013). Exceeding Natural Resonance Frequency Limit of Monodisperse Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Via Superparamagnetic Relaxation. Scientific Reports, 3(1); 1–5
Ta, T. K. H., M. T. Trinh, N. V. Long, T. T. M. Nguyen, T. L. T. Nguyen, T. L. Thuoc, B. T. Phan, D. Mott, S. Maenosono, and H. Tran Van (2016). Synthesis and Surface Functionalization of Fe3O4-SiO2 Core Shell Nanoparticles with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 1, 1- carbonyldiimidazole for Bio-applications. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 504(8); 376–383
Tak, B. y., B. s. Tak, Y. j. Kim, Y. J. Park, Y. h. Yoon, and G. h. Min (2015). Optimization of Color and COD Removal from Livestock Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Process: Application of Box–Behnken Design (BBD). Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 28(4); 307–315
Thiyagarajan, R., X. Yan, V. Pazhanivelu, A. P. B. Selvadurai, R. Murugaraj, and W. Yang (2018). Doping Effect of Alkali Metal Elements on the Structural Stability and Transport Properties of ZnO at High Pressures. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 751(5); 266–274
Villegas, V. A. R., J. I. D. L. Ramírez, E. H. Guevara, S. P. Sicairos, L. A. H. Ayala, and B. L. Sanchez (2020). Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetite Nanoparticles for Photocatalysis of Nitrobenzene. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, 24(2); 223–235
Yuliasari, N., R. M. Amri, and A. L. Elfita (2021). Improvement of Congo Red Photodegradation Performance Through Zn/Al-TiO2 and Zn/Al-ZnO Preparation. Science and Technology Indonesia, 7(4); 449–454
Authors
Wardhani, S., Mardiansyah, H. A. ., & Purwonugroho, . D. . (2023). Fe3O4-SiO2-Alginate Photocatalyst for Textile Dyes Waste Degradation. Science and Technology Indonesia, 8(1), 108–115. https://doi.org/10.26554/sti.2023.8.1.108-115
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