Augmenting Chroma Performance for WLED Employing Sr8ZnSc(PO4 )7:Eu2+@SiO2 as a Scattering-Enhancing Substance
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Keywords:
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White LED, Lambert-Beer Law, Color Rendering Index, Luminous Efficacy, Sr8ZnSc(PO4 )7 :Eu2
Abstract
Featuring the B-Ca3(PO4)2 phosphor system, Sr8ZnSc(PO4)7:Eu2+ (SZSPOE) phosphor can be used as an alternative to YAG:Ce3+ yellow phosphor for the advancement of the white light-emitting diode (WLED). Its potentials are demonstrated in this paper, including the expected emission power and wavelength based on the previous studies and its impacts on WLED illumination properties employing Mie-theory-based scattering simulation and calculation and MATLAB software. SZSPOE phosphor can display a wide yellow discharge peaking at 511 and 571 nm and a redshift upon the increase in doped Eu2+ dosage. A phosphor layer comprised of SZSPOE phosphor, SiO2 particles, and silicone gel is simulated for making a WLED. The WLED performance is observed with varying SiO2 amount. Changes in simulation results of the WLED’s lighting properties can be attributed to the scattering within the phosphor layer in response to different SiO2 concentrations. Results demonstrate that increasing SiO2 amount can lead to the better spatial color distribution uniformity and luminous output of the WLED. Meanwhile, the lower color rendering index is observed owing to the insufficient red light power. However, the improvement in color uniformity and luminosity alongside the emission tunability of the SZSPO host, SZSPOE phosphor can be a promising candidate for substituting the original YAG:Ce3+ for advanced WLEDs.
References
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Zhang, X., Y. Peng, J. Li, and T. Shi (2022). Opto-Thermal Performances Investigation of Phosphor-in-Glass Based Chip-Scale White LEDs. In 2022 23rd International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT). IEEE, pages 1–4.
Zhao, F., G. Dong, G. Yang, Y. Zeng, B. Shieh, and S. R. Lee (2020). Study on Light Emitting Surface Temperature of LEDs. In 2020 21st International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT). IEEE, pages 1–5.
Zhao, H., C. Chen, and S. R. Lee (2012). Effects of GaN Blue LED Chip and Phosphor on Optical Performance of White Light LED. In 2012 2nd IEEE CPMT Symposium Japan. IEEE, pages 1–4.
Zhao, J., J. Dong, J. Zhou, and L. Wang (2022). Sr-Substitution-Guided Eu2+ Site Engineering of Ca9Nd(PO4)7: Eu2+ for High-Efficiency White Light-Emitting Diodes. Optik, 267; 169699.
Zhou, J., M. Chen, J. Zhang, C. Shi, J. Ding, Y. Zhuang, and Q. Wu (2021). Regulating Photoluminescence Behavior by Neighboring-Cation-Size in Sr8CaX(PO4)7: Eu2+ (X= Al and Ga) Phosphors for High Color Rendering Solid-State Lighting Source. Chemical Engineering Journal, 426; 131869.
Zhou, J. and W. Yan (2007). Experimental Investigation on the Performance Characteristics of White LEDs Used in Illumination Application. In 2007 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. IEEE, pages 1436–1440.
Zong, S., J. Wu, and X. He (2012). A Novel Method for Illumination and Communication Using White LED Lights. In 6th IET International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2012). IET, pages 1–5.
Hernandez, F. L., E. Poves, R. Perez-Jimenez, and J. Rabadan (2006). Low-Cost Diffuse Wireless Optical Communication System Based on White LED. In 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics. IEEE, pages 1–4.
Huang, X., Z. Qiao, Z. Qiu, N. Ma, J. Wen, and L. Ning (2020). Site Occupation and Spectral Assignment in Eu2+-Activated ????-Ca3(PO4)2-Type Phosphors: Insights from First-Principles Calculations. Inorganic Chemistry, 59(22); 16760–16768.
Komine, T. and M. Nakagawa (2004). Performance Evaluation of Visible-Light Wireless Communication System Using White LED Lightings. In Proceedings. ISCC 2004. Ninth International Symposium on Computers and Communications (IEEE Cat. No. 04TH8769), volume 1. IEEE, pages 258–263.
Le Thai, N., T. M. Bui, H. Y. Lee, and N. D. Q. Anh (2022). Phosphor Conversion for WLEDs: YBO3: Ce3+, Tb3+ and its Effects on the Luminous Intensity and Chromatic Properties of Dual-Layer WLED Model. Materials Science-Poland, 40(4); 105–113.
Li, J. X., J. L. Zheng, X. W. Du, Z. T. Li, and J. S. Li (2019). Enhancement of Optical Performance for Quantum Dot White LEDs with Semi-Spherical Lens Packaging Structure using SiO2 nanoparticles. In 2019 20th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT). IEEE, pages 1–4.
Loan, N. T. P., N. D. Q. Anh, N. C. Trang, and H.-Y. Lee (2022). Better Color Distribution Uniformity and Higher Luminous Intensity for LED by Using a Three-Layered Remote Phosphor Structure. Materials Science-Poland, 40(1); 60–67.
Loo, K. H., Y. Lai, and K. T. Chi (2011). A Low-Cost Method for Minimizing the Chromaticity Shift of DC-Driven Phosphor-Converted White LEDs by Thermal Design. In 8th International Conference on Power Electronics-ECCE Asia. IEEE, pages 515–519.
Muslu, A. M. and M. Arik (2019). Impact of Electronics Over Localized Hot Spots in Multi-Chip White LED Light Engines. In 2019 18th IEEE Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems (ITherm). IEEE, pages 31–39.
Rakotomalala, L., Z. Randriamanantany, S. Hartopanu, R. Hertanu, and D. D. Lucache (2016). Variance of Radiometric Performances for Cool-White and Neutral-White LED Luminaries. In 2016 International Conference and Exposition on Electrical and Power Engineering (EPE). IEEE, pages 520–524.
Richter, K., S. Aleksic, and C.-A. Bunge (2018). Estimating the Modulation Characteristics of White LEDs by Their Color Temperature. In 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON). IEEE, pages 1–4.
Rui, W., D. Jing Yuan, S. An Cun, W. Yong Jie, and L. Yu Liang (2009). Indoor Optical Wireless Communication System Utilizing White LED Lights. In 2009 15th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications. IEEE, pages 617–621.
Sena, S., S. Kumari, V. Kumar, and A. Husen (2024). Light Emitting Diode (LED) Lights for the Improvement of Plant Performance and Production: A Comprehensive Review. Current Research in Biotechnology, 7; 100184.
Setiawan, E., T. Adiono, I. N. Osahon, and W. O. Popoola (2019). Experimental Demonstration of Visible Light Communication Using White LED, Blue Filter and SoC Based Test-Bed. In 2019 International Symposium on Electronics and Smart Devices (ISESD). IEEE, pages 1–4.
Shen, C. Y., K. Li, Q. L. Hou, H. J. Feng, and X. Y. Dong (2010). White LED Based on YAG: Ce, Gd Phosphor and CdSe–ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 22(12); 884–886.
Song, J., W. Zhang, L. Zhou, X. Zhou, J. Sun, and C.-X. Wang (2017). A New Light Source of VLC Combining White LEDs and RGB LEDs. In 2017 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC). IEEE, pages 1–6.
Sun, J., Y. Peng, H. Zheng, X. Guo, Z. Gan, and S. Liu (2017). Enhancing ACU of White LEDs by Phosphor Coating Based on Electrohydrodynamics. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 29(4); 393–396.
Tian, J., J. Xie, and W. Zhuang (2023). Recent Advances in Multi-Site Luminescent Materials: Design, Identification and Regulation. Materials, 16(6); 2179.
Tung, H. T., D. A. N. Thi, and N. D. Q. Anh (2023). The Effects of Ca14Mg2(SiO4)8: Eu2+ Phosphor on White Light Emission Quality of LED-Phosphor Packages. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 12(6); 3388–3394.
Wang, J., Z. Kang, and N. Zou (2011). Research on Indoor Visible Light Communication System Employing White LED Lightings. In IET International Conference on Communication Technology and Application (ICCTA 2011). IET, pages 934–937.
Wu, F., W. Zhao, S. Yang, and C. Zhang (2009). Failure Modes and Failure Analysis of White LEDs. In 2009 9th International Conference on Electronic Measurement & Instruments. IEEE, pages 4–978.
Wu, F.-M., C.-T. Lin, C.-C. Wei, C.-W. Chen, H.-T. Huang, and C.-H. Ho (2012). 1.1-Gb/s White-LED-Based Visible Light Communication Employing Carrier-Less Amplitude and Phase Modulation. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 24(19); 1730–1732.
Zhang, X., Y. Peng, J. Li, and T. Shi (2022). Opto-Thermal Performances Investigation of Phosphor-in-Glass Based Chip-Scale White LEDs. In 2022 23rd International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT). IEEE, pages 1–4.
Zhao, F., G. Dong, G. Yang, Y. Zeng, B. Shieh, and S. R. Lee (2020). Study on Light Emitting Surface Temperature of LEDs. In 2020 21st International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT). IEEE, pages 1–5.
Zhao, H., C. Chen, and S. R. Lee (2012). Effects of GaN Blue LED Chip and Phosphor on Optical Performance of White Light LED. In 2012 2nd IEEE CPMT Symposium Japan. IEEE, pages 1–4.
Zhao, J., J. Dong, J. Zhou, and L. Wang (2022). Sr-Substitution-Guided Eu2+ Site Engineering of Ca9Nd(PO4)7: Eu2+ for High-Efficiency White Light-Emitting Diodes. Optik, 267; 169699.
Zhou, J., M. Chen, J. Zhang, C. Shi, J. Ding, Y. Zhuang, and Q. Wu (2021). Regulating Photoluminescence Behavior by Neighboring-Cation-Size in Sr8CaX(PO4)7: Eu2+ (X= Al and Ga) Phosphors for High Color Rendering Solid-State Lighting Source. Chemical Engineering Journal, 426; 131869.
Zhou, J. and W. Yan (2007). Experimental Investigation on the Performance Characteristics of White LEDs Used in Illumination Application. In 2007 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. IEEE, pages 1436–1440.
Zong, S., J. Wu, and X. He (2012). A Novel Method for Illumination and Communication Using White LED Lights. In 6th IET International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2012). IET, pages 1–5.
Authors
Cong, P. H., & Anh, N. D. Q. . (2025). Augmenting Chroma Performance for WLED Employing Sr8ZnSc(PO4 )7:Eu2+@SiO2 as a Scattering-Enhancing Substance. Science and Technology Indonesia, 10(2), 467–472. https://doi.org/10.26554/sti.2025.10.2.467-472
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