Oil Palm Leaves as an In-situ Bio-silica Source in Sustainable Synthesis of V2O5-SiO2
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Keywords:
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V2O5, Biosilica, Oil Palm Leaves, Vanadium Pentaoxide, Sustainable
Abstract
Using ammonium vanadate and natural silica from oil palm leaves in situ at 900oC is a sustainable synthesis method for producing V2O5-SiO2 mixed oxides in the form of a brownish powder. Therefore, this study aims to investigate a more environmentally friendly alternative to synthesizing V2O5-SiO2 using oil palm leaves, a by-product from oil palm farming. The XRD analysis of the reaction products showed specific V2O5 peaks and broadened peaks, indicating the presence of amorphous silica. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, which revealed the presence of Si-O-Si and Si-O-V functional groups, also supported the characteristic assessment. In addition, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed that V2O5 (46.70 mass%) and SiO2 (52.60 mass%) were present, along with small amounts of other possible metal oxides, such as P2O5, K2O, CaO, Fe2O3, Al2O3, and PdO.
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Wardhani, S., H. A. Mardiansyah, and D. Purwonugroho (2023). Fe3O4-SiO2-Alginate Photocatalyst for Textile Dyes Waste Degradation. Science and Technology Indonesia, 8(1); 108–115
Wee, N. N. A. N., et al. (2023). Synthesis of Silica from Rice Husk As Coating Material on Magnetic Nanoparticle for Efficient Adsorption of Phenol from Water Samples. BioResources, 18(3); 6204–6220
Yudha, S. S., et al. (2020). Preliminary Synthesis of Calcium Silicates Using Oil Palm Leaves and Eggshells. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 15(2); 561–567
Zhang, L., et al. (2023). Surface Oxidation State Variations and Insulator–Metal Transition Modulations in Vanadium Oxides with Pulsed Hydrogen Plasma. Advanced Materials Interfaces, 10(16); 2300003
Zhang, Z., et al. (2016). V2O5-SiO2 Hybrid As Anode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. Ionics, 22(1); 1593–1601
Arefieva, O. D., D. A. Nikolaeva, M. S. Vasilyeva, V. V. Tkachev, L. A. Zemnukhova, and D. H. Shlyk (2023). Effect of Silica Source on Photocatalytic Properties of Bi2O3/Bi2SiO5 Heterostructure. Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 8(2); 176–186
Badri, N., Y. Chhiti, F. Bentiss, and M. Bensitel (2020). Synthesis and Characterization of Vanadium Pentoxide on Different Metal Oxides by the Sol-Gel Process for Application in the Conversion of SO2 to SO3. Moroccan Journal of Chemistry, 8(3); 560–572
Bokarev, D. A., S. A. Kanaev, G. O. Bragina, A. E. Vaulina, G. N. Baeva, and A. Y. Stakheev (2024). Highly Efficient Cobalt-Promoted V2O5/SiO2 Catalyst for the Oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds by Ozone. Russian Chemical Bulletin, 73(5); 1201–1207
Bostan, A. I., N. I. Il’chenko, Y. I. Pyatnitskii, L. N. Raevskaya, M. V. Borisenko, and A. G. Dyachenko (2002). Comparative Effectiveness of Oxygen and Nitrous Oxide in the Partial Oxidation of Methane on V2O5/SiO2. Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry, 40; 295–300
Colpini, L. M. S., G. G. Lenzi, L. Martins, E. A. U. González, O. A. A. Santos, and C. M. M. Costa (2013). Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with Propane on V2O5/SiO2, V2O5/TiO2, and V2O5/Al2O3 Catalysts Obtained Through the Sol-Gel Method. Acta Scientiarum – Technology, 35(1); 139–145
Ekwenna, E. B., Y. Wang, and A. Roskilly (2023). The Production of Bio-Silica from Agro-Industrial Wastes Leached and Anaerobically Digested Oryza sativa Straws. Bioresource Technology Reports, 22; 101452
Errington, E., M. Guo, and J. Y. Y. Heng (2023). Synthetic Amorphous Silica: Environmental Impacts of Current Industry and the Benefit of Biomass-Derived Silica. Green Chemistry, 25(11); 4244
Eurov, D. A., D. A. Kirilenko, V. S. Larisa, A. V. Shvidchenko, A. N. Smirnov, M. F. Tomkovich, M. A. Yagovkina, and D. A. Kurdyukov (2023). Formation of Stable Microporous Core-Shell V2O5/SiO2 Colloidal Particles Potential for Heterogeneous Catalysis. Materials Today: Communications, 35; 106047
Farzaneh, F., E. Zamanifar, L. J. Foruzin, and M. Ghandi (2012). Synthesis and Characterization of V2O5/SiO2 Nanoparticles As Efficient Catalyst for Aromatization of 1,4-Dihydropyridines. Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran, 23; 313–318
Feng, D., J. Zhang, M. Li, M. Chen, and B. Zhao (2020). Phase Equilibria of the SiO2–V2O5 System. Ceramics International, 46(15); 24053–24059
Goswami, P. and J. Mathur (2022). Application of Agro-Waste-Mediated Silica Nanoparticles to Sustainable Agriculture. Bioresources and Bioprocessing, 9(9); 1–12
Jayasayee, K., et al. (2016). V2O5-SiO2 and V2O5-B2O3 As Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Mg-Ion Batteries. Meeting Abstracts, 02(5); 798
Khatab, T. K., A. S. Hassan, and T. S. Hafez (2019). V2O5/SiO2 As an Efficient Catalyst in the Synthesis of 5-Amino-Pyrazole Derivatives Under Solvent Free Condition. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia, 33(1); 135–142
Mostafa, E. A. and T. K. Khatab (2018). Silica Supported V2O5 As a Catalyst Promoted the Synthesis of 4H-Pyrans Through Multicomponent Reaction Under Solvent Free Conditions. Organic Chemistry: An Indian Journal, 14; 1–6
Murgia, V., et al. (2006). Sol–Gel Synthesis of V2O5–SiO2 Catalyst in the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of n-Butane. Applied Catalysis A: General, 312; 134–143
Ohde, C., et al. (2008). V2O5/SiO2 Surface Inspired, Silsesquioxane-Derived Oxovanadium Complexes and Their Properties. Dalton Transactions, 3; 326–331
Onoja, E., et al. (2018a). Enzymatic Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate by Candida rugosa Lipase Supported on Magnetized-Nanosilica from Oil Palm Leaves: Process Optimization, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 91; 105–118
Onoja, E., et al. (2018b). Extraction of Nanosilica from Oil Palm Leaves and Its Application As Support for Lipase Immobilization. Journal of Biotechnology, 283; 81–96
Rohilla, S. and N. Kumari (2015). Study of Structural and Optical Properties of V2O5/SiO2 Nanocomposites. International Journal of Science and Research, 4; 168–170
Sinaga, L. and A. Lesbani (2017). Thermal Stability Effect of H4[PVMo11O40]/SiO2. Science and Technology Indonesia, 2(1); 25–28
Tabish, A. N., et al. (2024). Optimization of Waste Biomass Demineralization Through Response Surface Methodology and Enhancement of Thermochemical and Fusion Properties. Scientific Reports, 14(1); 27246
Tanaka, T., et al. (1989). V2O5-SiO2 Catalysts Modified by Na+ Ions: Surface Characterization by Spectroscopic Methods and Photoassisted Oxidation of 2-Propanol and Propene. Journal of Catalysis, 118; 327–338
Tavassoli, A., et al. (2016). Preparation, Physiochemical and Kinetic Investigations of V2O5/SiO2 Catalyst for Sulfuric Acid Production. International Journal of Engineering, Transactions B: Applications, 29; 1478–1488
Vercruysse, W., et al. (2023). Demineralization of Common Ivy-Derived Biomass and Biochar and Its Effect on the Resulting Activated Carbon Properties. Separation and Purification Technology, 319; 124023
Wang, C. B., et al. (2003). V2O5-SiO2 Xerogels for Methane Oxidation to Oxygenates: Preparation, Characterization, and Catalytic Properties. Applied Catalysis A: General, 247; 321–333
Wang, D., et al. (2017). Polysilicic Acid Gel Method Derived V2O5/SiO2 Composite Materials: Synthesis and Characterization. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1794; 020021
Wardhani, S., H. A. Mardiansyah, and D. Purwonugroho (2023). Fe3O4-SiO2-Alginate Photocatalyst for Textile Dyes Waste Degradation. Science and Technology Indonesia, 8(1); 108–115
Wee, N. N. A. N., et al. (2023). Synthesis of Silica from Rice Husk As Coating Material on Magnetic Nanoparticle for Efficient Adsorption of Phenol from Water Samples. BioResources, 18(3); 6204–6220
Yudha, S. S., et al. (2020). Preliminary Synthesis of Calcium Silicates Using Oil Palm Leaves and Eggshells. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 15(2); 561–567
Zhang, L., et al. (2023). Surface Oxidation State Variations and Insulator–Metal Transition Modulations in Vanadium Oxides with Pulsed Hydrogen Plasma. Advanced Materials Interfaces, 10(16); 2300003
Zhang, Z., et al. (2016). V2O5-SiO2 Hybrid As Anode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. Ionics, 22(1); 1593–1601
Authors
Yudha S., S. ., Adfa, M. ., Wibowo, R. H., & Reagen, M. A. . (2025). Oil Palm Leaves as an In-situ Bio-silica Source in Sustainable Synthesis of V2O5-SiO2. Science and Technology Indonesia, 10(4), 1148–1155. https://doi.org/10.26554/sti.2025.10.4.1148-1155
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