CO2 Thermal Conductivity Detection in Gas Mixture for Concentration Measurement Using Bridge Configuration of Thermopiles
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Keywords:
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Thermopile, Bridge Configuration, Thermal Conductivity Detector, CO2 Concentration
Abstract
In this research, improvisation was carried out by modifying the market IR thermopile which functions as a thermal conductivity detector to measure the concentration of CO2 gas in the gas mixture. Four thermopiles are configured with a Wheatstone bridge with the aim of increasing the accuracy of the measurement system in detecting changes in CO2 concentration in the gas mixture (N2 and CO2). Using the bridge configuration of these four thermopiles, this measurement system can measure changes in CO2 concentration in small orders. The sensor developed is easy to manufacture, low cost, and has high linearity as evidenced by a correlation coefficient of 0.9943. From the experiments carried out, the sensor works quite accurately in detecting CO2 concentrations with the sensor’s sensitivity of -88.19 Volt/%, the detection range is 0% to 100%, and the RMS error value is 2.25.
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Ansarizadeh, M., K. Dodds, O. Gurpinar, U. Kalfa, T. Ramakrishnan, N. Sacuta, and S. Whittaker (2015). Carbon Dioxide-Challenges and Opportunities. Oileld Review, 27(2); 36–50
Apte, M. G. (2006). A Review of Demand Control Ventilation. LBNL-60170 Report, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
Binions, R. and A. Naik (2013). Metal Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensors in Environmental Monitoring. Semiconductor Gas Sensors. Elsevier; 433–466
Daisey, J. M., W. J. Angell, and M. G. Apte (2003). Indoor Air Quality, Ventilation and Health Symptoms in Schools: an Analysis of Existing Information. Indoor Air, 13(1); 53–64
De Luca, A., S. Z. Ali, R. Hopper, S. Boual, J. W. Gardner, and F. Udrea (2017). Filterless Non-Dispersive Infra-Red Gas Detection: a Proof of Concept. 2017 IEEE 30th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS); 1220–1223
Deng, W. (2013). Thermal Conductivity Sensors in Automotive Applications. Electronic Theses and Dissertations Driessen, B. (2013). Carbon Dioxide: the Gas of Life. Tiny Amounts of this Miracle Molecule Make Life on Earth Possible. Washington, DC, USA: Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow (CFACT). 19p; 1–19
Febrina, M., E. Satria, M. Djamal, W. Srigutomo, and M. Liess (2019). Development of a Simple CO2 Sensor Based on the Thermal Conductivity Detection by a Thermopile. Measurement, 133; 139–144
Fraden, J. (1994). Handbook of Modern Sensors. Springer Graf, A., M. Arndt, M. Sauer, and G. Gerlach (2007). Review of Micromachined Thermopiles for Infrared Detection. Measurement Science and Technology, 18(7); R59
Houlet, L. F., W. Shin, K. Tajima, M. Nishibori, N. Izu, T. Itoh, and I. Matsubara (2008). Thermopile Sensor-Devices for the Catalytic Detection of Hydrogen Gas. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 130(1); 200–206
Kaneyasu, K., K. Otsuka, Y. Setoguchi, S. Sonoda, T. Nakahara, I. Aso, and N. Nakagaichi (2000). A Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensor Based on Solid Electrolyte for Air Quality Control. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 66(1-3); 56–58
Lee, R. and W. Kester (2016). Complete Gas Sensor CircuitUsing Nondispersive Infrared (NDIR). Analog Dialog, 50; 10–18
Liess, M. (2015). A New Low-Cost hydrogen Sensor Build with a Thermopile IR Detector Adapted to Measure Thermal Conductivity. Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems, 4(2); 281–288
Liu, Y., Y. Tang, N. N. Barashkov, I. S. Irgibaeva, J. W. Lam, R. Hu, D. Birimzhanova, Y. Yu, and B. Z. Tang (2010). Fluorescent Chemosensor for Detection and Quantitation of Carbon Dioxide Gas. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 132(40); 13951–13953
Oh, H. S. and J. S. Kim (2012). Clinical Application of CO2 Laser. CO2 Laser-Optimisation and Application. London: IntechOpen; 357–78
Randjelovic, D., G. Kaltsas, Z. Lazic, and M. Popovic (2002). Multipurpose Thermal Sensor Based on Seebeck Effect. 2002 23rd International Conference on Microelectronics. Proceedings (Cat. No. 02TH8595), 1; 261–264
Schilz, J. D. (2001). Applications of Thermoelectric Infrared Sensors (Thermopiles) Schmidt, W. and J. Schieferdecker (2003). Understanding Thermopile Infrared Sensors. Perkin Elmer, 5; 4–7
Trapp, T., B. Ross, K. Cammann, E. Schirmer, and C. Berthold (1998). Development of a Coulometric CO2 Gas Sensor. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 50(2); 97–103
US EPA (2014). Overview of Greenhouse Gases. US Environmental Protection Agency
Weckmann, S. (1997). Dynamic Electrothermal Model of a Sputtered Thermopile Thermal Radiation Detector for Earth Radiation Budget Applications. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Wetchakun, K., T. Samerjai, N. Tamaekong, C. Liewhiran, C. Siriwong, V. Kruefu, A. Wisitsoraat, A. Tuantranont, and S. Phanichphant (2011). Semiconducting Metal Oxides as Sensors for Environmentally Hazardous Gases. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 160(1); 580–591
Xu, D., Y. Wang, B. Xiong, and T. Li (2017). MEMS-Based Thermoelectric Infrared Sensors: a Review. Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering, 12(4); 557–566
Zhang, G., Y. Li, and Q. Li (2010). A Miniaturized Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensor Based on Infrared Absorption. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 48(12); 1206–1212
Zosel, J., W. Oelßner, M. Decker, G. Gerlach, and U. Guth (2011). The Measurement of Dissolved and Gaseous Carbon Dioxide Concentration. Measurement Science and Technology, 22(7); 072001
Authors
Satria, E., Febrina, M., Djamal, M., Srigutomo, W. ., & Liess, M. (2022). CO2 Thermal Conductivity Detection in Gas Mixture for Concentration Measurement Using Bridge Configuration of Thermopiles. Science and Technology Indonesia, 7(4), 443–448. https://doi.org/10.26554/sti.2022.7.4.443-448
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