Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board Prepared from Alkali-Immersed Strands
Article Sidebar
Keywords:
-
Alkali-immersed Strands, Alkali Treatment, Bamboo Oriented Strand Board, Dimensional Stability Enhancement, Internal Bonding Improvement
Abstract
In this work, the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo oriented strand board (BOSB) prepared from alkali-immersed strands were examined. The Dendrocalamus asper strands were modified with alkali treatment by immersing them in 1% sodium hydroxide solution for 1, 2, and 3 hours. Three-layers BOSBs (30 x 30 x 0.9 cm3) were prepared using phenol-formaldehyde (PF) adhesive of 8% concentration and 1% paraffin. According to JIS A 5908:2003 Standard, the physical and mechanical characteristics of BOSB were evaluated (JSA, 2003). The study showed that alkali treatment improved the dimensional stability of BOSB. Immersion in 1% sodium hydroxide solutions enhanced internal bonding (IB). The longer the immersion time, the better the WA, TS, and IB values. However, alkali treatment decreased the bending strength, i.e., modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR). The physical and mechanical properties of all BOSBs met the commercial standard, except the BOSBs prepared from strand with alkali immersion treatment by 1% sodium hydroxide solution for 3 hours. Alkali immersion treatment of D. asper strands for producing BOSB for 1-2 hours was still acceptable. The results could provide an alternative method to produce high-performance oriented strand board using bamboo as the raw materials.
References
Adrin, A., F. Febrianto, and S. Sadiyo (2013). Properties of Oriented Strand Board Prepared From Steam Treated Bamboo Strands Under Various Adhesive Combinations. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis, 11(2); 109–119
Akrami, A., A. Fruehwald, and M. C. Barbu (2014). The Effect of Fine Strands in Core Layer on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Oriented Strand Boards (OSB) Made of Beech (Fagus Sylvatica) and Poplar (Populus Tremula). European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 72(4); 521–525
Ami, E., Z. Dahlan, and L. Hanum (2017). Bamboo Distribution in Musi Rawas District South Sumatera Province. Science and Technology Indonesia, 2(4); 105–109
Anwar, U., M. Paridah, H. Hamdan, A. Zaidon, A. R. Hanim, and A. Nordahlia (2012). Adhesion and Bonding Properties of Low Molecular Weight Phenol Formaldehyde-treated Plybamboo. Journal of Tropical Forest Science; 379–386
Association, S. B. et al. (2004). OSB Design Manual: Construction Sheathing and Design Rated Oriented Strand Board. Ontario: Structural Board Association
Badan Pusat Statistik (2020). Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Triwulan IV-2019. Badan Pusat Statistika, 12 (in Indonesia)
Benyahia, A., A. Merrouche, Z. E. A. Rahmouni, M. Rokbi, W. Serge, and Z. Kouadri (2014). Study of the Alkali Treatment Effect on the Mechanical Behavior of the Composite Unsaturated Polyester-alfa Fibers. Mechanics & Industry, 15(1); 69–73
Bholanath, P. et al. (2017). Boosting Wood Processing in Guyana. ITTO Tropical Forest Update, 26(1); 19–22
Burton, A. W., K. Ong, T. Rea, and I. Y. Chan (2009). On the Estimation of Average Crystallite Size of Zeolites From the Scherrer Equation: A Critical Evaluation of Its Application to Zeolites With One-dimensional Pore Systems. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 117(1-2); 75–90
Chen, H., W. Zhang, X. Wang, H. Wang, Y. Wu, T. Zhong, and B. Fei (2018). Eect of Alkali Treatment on Wettability and Thermal Stability of Individual Bamboo Fibers. Journal of Wood Science, 64(4); 398–405
Doczekalska, B., M. Bartkowiak, R. Zakrzewski, et al. (2014). Esterification of Willow Wood With Cyclic Acid Anhydrides. Wood Res (Bratislava, Slovakia), 59(1); 85–96
Dumitrascu, A.E., A. Lunguleasa, E.A. Salca, and V. D. Ciobanu (2020). Evaluation of Selected Properties of Oriented Strand Boards Made From Fast Growing Wood Species. Bio Resources, 15(1); 199–210
Ebissa, D. T., T. Tesfaye, D. Worku, and D. Wood (2022). Characterization and Optimization of Alkali-treated Yushania Alpina Bamboo Fiber Properties: Case Study of Ethiopia Species. SN Applied Sciences, 4(3); 1–17
Fatrawana, A., S. Maulana, D. S. Nawawi, R. K. Sari, W. Hidayat, S. H. Park, F. Febrianto, S. H. Lee, and N. H. Kim (2019). Changes in Chemical Components of Steam-treated Betung Bamboo Strands and Their Effects on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo-oriented Strand Boards. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 77(5); 731–739
Febrianto, F., J.H. Jang, S.H. Lee, I. A. Santosa, W. Hidayat, J.H. Kwon, and N.H. Kim (2015). Eect of Bamboo Species and Resin Content on Properties of Oriented Strand Board Prepared From Steam-treated Bamboo Strands. BioResources, 10(2); 2642–2655
Febrianto, F., L. I. Royama, W. Hidayat, E. S. Bakar, J. Kwon, and N. Kim (2009). Development of Oriented Strand Board From Acacia Wood (Acacia Mangium Willd.): Effect of Pretreatment of Strand and Adhesive Content on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of OSB. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 37(2); 121–127
Febrianto, F., I. Sumardi, W. Hidayat, and S. Maulana (2017). Papan Untai Bambu Berarah: Material Unggul Untuk Komponen Bahan Bangunan Struktur (in Idnonesia)
Ismail, N. F., N. A. Mohd Radzuan, A. B. Sulong, N. Muhamad, and C. H. Che Haron (2021). The Effect of Alkali Treatment on Physical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Kenaf Fiber and Polymer Epoxy Composites. Polymers, 13(12); 2005
Keshk, S. M. (2015). Effect of Different Alkaline Solutions on Crystalline Structure of Cellulose at Dierent Temperatures. Carbohydrate Polymers, 115; 658–662
Mahjoub, R., J. M. Yatim, A. R. M. Sam, and S. H. Hashemi (2014). Tensile Properties of Kenaf Fiber Due to Various Conditions of Chemical Fiber Surface Modifications. Construction and Building Materials, 55; 103–113
Maloney, T. M. (1993). Modern Particleboard and Dry-process Fiberboard Manufacturing. Miller Freeman Publication
Manalo, A. C., E. Wani, N. A. Zukarnain, W. Karunasena, and K. T. Lau (2015). Eects of Alkali Treatment and Elevated Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Fibre–polyester Composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 80; 73–83
Mangurai, S. U. N. M., S. Maulana, R. A. Murda, S. Muhamad, W. Hidayat, and Y. Bindar (2022). Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board Under Various Post-thermal Treatment Duration. Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 10(3); 310–320
Maraghi, M. M. R., A. Tabei, M. Madanipoor, et al. (2018). Effect of Board Density, Resin Percentage and Pressing Temperature on Particleboard Properties Made From Mixing of Poplar Wood Slab, Citrus Branches and Twigs of Beech. Wood Research, 63(4); 669–682
Maulana, M. I., R. A. Murda, B. D. Purusatama, R. K. Sari, D. S. Nawawi, S. Nikmatin, W. Hidayat, S. Lee, F. Febrianto, and N. Kim (2021a). Effect of Alkali-washing at Different Concentration on the Chemical Compositions of the Steam Treated Bamboo Strands. Journal of the Korean Wood Science
and Technology, 49(1); 14–22
Maulana, M. I., R. A. Murda, B. D. Purusatama, R. K. Sari, D. S. Nawawi, S. Nikmatin, W. Hidayat, S. H. Lee, F. Febrianto, and N. H. Kim (2021b). Properties of Oriented Strand Board From Alkali-washed Bamboo Strands After Steam Treatment. BioResources, 16(1); 987
Maulana, P. B. D. W. N. J. . S. I., Sena (2016). Pengaruh Perlakuan Steam pada Strand dan Shelling Ratio terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Oriented Strand Board Bambu (Effect of Steam Treatment on Strand and Shelling Ratio on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board ). Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Kayu Tropis, 14; 136–143 (in Indonesia)
Maulana, S., I. Busyra, A. Fatrawana, W. Hidayat, R. K. Sari, I. Sumardi, I. Wistara, S. Lee, N. Kim, and F. Febrianto (2017). Effects of Steam Treatment on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 45(6); 872–882
Maulana, S., Y. Gumelar, A. Fatrawana, M. I. Maulana, W. Hidayat, I. Sumardi, N. J. Wistara, S. H. Lee, N. H. Kim, and F. Febrianto (2019). Destructive and Non-destructive Tests of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board Under Various Shelling Ratios and Resin Contents. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 47(4); 519-532
Maulana, S., W. Hidayat, I. Sumardi, N. J. Wistara, M. I. Maulana, J. H. Kim, S. H. Lee, and F. Febrianto (2021c). Properties of Dual-species Bamboo-oriented Strand Boards Bonded With Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesive Under Various Compression Ratios. BioResources, 16(3)
Maulana, S., I. Sumardi, N. Wistara, N. Kim, and F. Febrianto (2020). Effects of Compression Ratio on Physical And Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, volume 935. IOP Publishing, page 012063
Murda, R. A., S. Maulana, A. Fatrawana, S. U. N. M. Mangurai, S. Muhamad, W. Hidayat, and Y. Bindar (2022). Changes in Chemical Composition of Betung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) after Alkali Immersion Treatment under Various Immersion Times. Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 10(3); 358–371
Nugroho, N., E. T. Bahtiar, D. P. Lestari, and D. S. Nawawi (2013). Variation of Tensile Strength and Cell Wall Component of Four Bamboos Species. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis, 11(2); 153–160
Nuryawan, A., Y. M. Muh, and Y. S. Hadi (2018). The Influence of Wood Species and Type Of Strands Arrangement to the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Oriented Strands Board. Journal of Sylva Indonesiana, 1(01); 24–34
Raia, R. Z., S. Iwakiri, R. Trianoski, A. S. d. Andrade, and E. L. Kowalski (2021). Effects of Alkali Treatment on Modification of the Pinus Fibers. Matéria (Rio de Janeiro), 26
Santhoshkumar, R. and K. Bhat (2014). Various Changes of Starch Content in the Culms of Selected Bamboo Species, Bambusa Bambos (l.) Voss And Dendrocalamus Strictus Ness at Different Storage Methods. The Journal of Indian Botanical Society, 93(1and2); 82–86
Segal, L., J. J. Creely, A. Martin Jr, and C. Conrad (1959). An Empirical Method for Estimating the Degree of Crystallinity of Native Cellulose Using the X-ray Difractometer. Textile Research Journal, 29(10); 786–794
Wang, F., S. Zhou, L. Li, and X. Zhang (2018). Changes in the Morphological–mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability of Bamboo Fibers During the Processing of Alkaline Treatment. Polymer Composites, 39(S3); E1421–E1428
Wang, H., T. Lan, K. C. Sheng, X. Q. Qian, and R. Chang (2009). Role of Alkali Treatment on Mechanica and Thermal Properties of Bamboo Particles Reinforced Polyvinylchloride Composites. In Advanced Materials Research, volume 79. Trans Tech Publ, pages 545–548
Zhang, X., F. Wang, and L. M. Keer (2015). Influence of Surface Modication on the Microstructure and Thermo-mechanical Properties of Bamboo Fibers. Materials, 8(10); 6597–6608
Zhuang, B., A. Cloutier, and A. Koubaa (2022). Physical and Mechanical Properties of Oriented Strand Board Made from Eastern Canadian Softwood Species. Forests, 13(4); 523
Akrami, A., A. Fruehwald, and M. C. Barbu (2014). The Effect of Fine Strands in Core Layer on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Oriented Strand Boards (OSB) Made of Beech (Fagus Sylvatica) and Poplar (Populus Tremula). European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 72(4); 521–525
Ami, E., Z. Dahlan, and L. Hanum (2017). Bamboo Distribution in Musi Rawas District South Sumatera Province. Science and Technology Indonesia, 2(4); 105–109
Anwar, U., M. Paridah, H. Hamdan, A. Zaidon, A. R. Hanim, and A. Nordahlia (2012). Adhesion and Bonding Properties of Low Molecular Weight Phenol Formaldehyde-treated Plybamboo. Journal of Tropical Forest Science; 379–386
Association, S. B. et al. (2004). OSB Design Manual: Construction Sheathing and Design Rated Oriented Strand Board. Ontario: Structural Board Association
Badan Pusat Statistik (2020). Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Triwulan IV-2019. Badan Pusat Statistika, 12 (in Indonesia)
Benyahia, A., A. Merrouche, Z. E. A. Rahmouni, M. Rokbi, W. Serge, and Z. Kouadri (2014). Study of the Alkali Treatment Effect on the Mechanical Behavior of the Composite Unsaturated Polyester-alfa Fibers. Mechanics & Industry, 15(1); 69–73
Bholanath, P. et al. (2017). Boosting Wood Processing in Guyana. ITTO Tropical Forest Update, 26(1); 19–22
Burton, A. W., K. Ong, T. Rea, and I. Y. Chan (2009). On the Estimation of Average Crystallite Size of Zeolites From the Scherrer Equation: A Critical Evaluation of Its Application to Zeolites With One-dimensional Pore Systems. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 117(1-2); 75–90
Chen, H., W. Zhang, X. Wang, H. Wang, Y. Wu, T. Zhong, and B. Fei (2018). Eect of Alkali Treatment on Wettability and Thermal Stability of Individual Bamboo Fibers. Journal of Wood Science, 64(4); 398–405
Doczekalska, B., M. Bartkowiak, R. Zakrzewski, et al. (2014). Esterification of Willow Wood With Cyclic Acid Anhydrides. Wood Res (Bratislava, Slovakia), 59(1); 85–96
Dumitrascu, A.E., A. Lunguleasa, E.A. Salca, and V. D. Ciobanu (2020). Evaluation of Selected Properties of Oriented Strand Boards Made From Fast Growing Wood Species. Bio Resources, 15(1); 199–210
Ebissa, D. T., T. Tesfaye, D. Worku, and D. Wood (2022). Characterization and Optimization of Alkali-treated Yushania Alpina Bamboo Fiber Properties: Case Study of Ethiopia Species. SN Applied Sciences, 4(3); 1–17
Fatrawana, A., S. Maulana, D. S. Nawawi, R. K. Sari, W. Hidayat, S. H. Park, F. Febrianto, S. H. Lee, and N. H. Kim (2019). Changes in Chemical Components of Steam-treated Betung Bamboo Strands and Their Effects on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo-oriented Strand Boards. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 77(5); 731–739
Febrianto, F., J.H. Jang, S.H. Lee, I. A. Santosa, W. Hidayat, J.H. Kwon, and N.H. Kim (2015). Eect of Bamboo Species and Resin Content on Properties of Oriented Strand Board Prepared From Steam-treated Bamboo Strands. BioResources, 10(2); 2642–2655
Febrianto, F., L. I. Royama, W. Hidayat, E. S. Bakar, J. Kwon, and N. Kim (2009). Development of Oriented Strand Board From Acacia Wood (Acacia Mangium Willd.): Effect of Pretreatment of Strand and Adhesive Content on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of OSB. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 37(2); 121–127
Febrianto, F., I. Sumardi, W. Hidayat, and S. Maulana (2017). Papan Untai Bambu Berarah: Material Unggul Untuk Komponen Bahan Bangunan Struktur (in Idnonesia)
Ismail, N. F., N. A. Mohd Radzuan, A. B. Sulong, N. Muhamad, and C. H. Che Haron (2021). The Effect of Alkali Treatment on Physical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Kenaf Fiber and Polymer Epoxy Composites. Polymers, 13(12); 2005
Keshk, S. M. (2015). Effect of Different Alkaline Solutions on Crystalline Structure of Cellulose at Dierent Temperatures. Carbohydrate Polymers, 115; 658–662
Mahjoub, R., J. M. Yatim, A. R. M. Sam, and S. H. Hashemi (2014). Tensile Properties of Kenaf Fiber Due to Various Conditions of Chemical Fiber Surface Modifications. Construction and Building Materials, 55; 103–113
Maloney, T. M. (1993). Modern Particleboard and Dry-process Fiberboard Manufacturing. Miller Freeman Publication
Manalo, A. C., E. Wani, N. A. Zukarnain, W. Karunasena, and K. T. Lau (2015). Eects of Alkali Treatment and Elevated Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Fibre–polyester Composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 80; 73–83
Mangurai, S. U. N. M., S. Maulana, R. A. Murda, S. Muhamad, W. Hidayat, and Y. Bindar (2022). Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board Under Various Post-thermal Treatment Duration. Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 10(3); 310–320
Maraghi, M. M. R., A. Tabei, M. Madanipoor, et al. (2018). Effect of Board Density, Resin Percentage and Pressing Temperature on Particleboard Properties Made From Mixing of Poplar Wood Slab, Citrus Branches and Twigs of Beech. Wood Research, 63(4); 669–682
Maulana, M. I., R. A. Murda, B. D. Purusatama, R. K. Sari, D. S. Nawawi, S. Nikmatin, W. Hidayat, S. Lee, F. Febrianto, and N. Kim (2021a). Effect of Alkali-washing at Different Concentration on the Chemical Compositions of the Steam Treated Bamboo Strands. Journal of the Korean Wood Science
and Technology, 49(1); 14–22
Maulana, M. I., R. A. Murda, B. D. Purusatama, R. K. Sari, D. S. Nawawi, S. Nikmatin, W. Hidayat, S. H. Lee, F. Febrianto, and N. H. Kim (2021b). Properties of Oriented Strand Board From Alkali-washed Bamboo Strands After Steam Treatment. BioResources, 16(1); 987
Maulana, P. B. D. W. N. J. . S. I., Sena (2016). Pengaruh Perlakuan Steam pada Strand dan Shelling Ratio terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Oriented Strand Board Bambu (Effect of Steam Treatment on Strand and Shelling Ratio on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board ). Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Kayu Tropis, 14; 136–143 (in Indonesia)
Maulana, S., I. Busyra, A. Fatrawana, W. Hidayat, R. K. Sari, I. Sumardi, I. Wistara, S. Lee, N. Kim, and F. Febrianto (2017). Effects of Steam Treatment on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 45(6); 872–882
Maulana, S., Y. Gumelar, A. Fatrawana, M. I. Maulana, W. Hidayat, I. Sumardi, N. J. Wistara, S. H. Lee, N. H. Kim, and F. Febrianto (2019). Destructive and Non-destructive Tests of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board Under Various Shelling Ratios and Resin Contents. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 47(4); 519-532
Maulana, S., W. Hidayat, I. Sumardi, N. J. Wistara, M. I. Maulana, J. H. Kim, S. H. Lee, and F. Febrianto (2021c). Properties of Dual-species Bamboo-oriented Strand Boards Bonded With Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesive Under Various Compression Ratios. BioResources, 16(3)
Maulana, S., I. Sumardi, N. Wistara, N. Kim, and F. Febrianto (2020). Effects of Compression Ratio on Physical And Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, volume 935. IOP Publishing, page 012063
Murda, R. A., S. Maulana, A. Fatrawana, S. U. N. M. Mangurai, S. Muhamad, W. Hidayat, and Y. Bindar (2022). Changes in Chemical Composition of Betung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) after Alkali Immersion Treatment under Various Immersion Times. Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 10(3); 358–371
Nugroho, N., E. T. Bahtiar, D. P. Lestari, and D. S. Nawawi (2013). Variation of Tensile Strength and Cell Wall Component of Four Bamboos Species. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis, 11(2); 153–160
Nuryawan, A., Y. M. Muh, and Y. S. Hadi (2018). The Influence of Wood Species and Type Of Strands Arrangement to the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Oriented Strands Board. Journal of Sylva Indonesiana, 1(01); 24–34
Raia, R. Z., S. Iwakiri, R. Trianoski, A. S. d. Andrade, and E. L. Kowalski (2021). Effects of Alkali Treatment on Modification of the Pinus Fibers. Matéria (Rio de Janeiro), 26
Santhoshkumar, R. and K. Bhat (2014). Various Changes of Starch Content in the Culms of Selected Bamboo Species, Bambusa Bambos (l.) Voss And Dendrocalamus Strictus Ness at Different Storage Methods. The Journal of Indian Botanical Society, 93(1and2); 82–86
Segal, L., J. J. Creely, A. Martin Jr, and C. Conrad (1959). An Empirical Method for Estimating the Degree of Crystallinity of Native Cellulose Using the X-ray Difractometer. Textile Research Journal, 29(10); 786–794
Wang, F., S. Zhou, L. Li, and X. Zhang (2018). Changes in the Morphological–mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability of Bamboo Fibers During the Processing of Alkaline Treatment. Polymer Composites, 39(S3); E1421–E1428
Wang, H., T. Lan, K. C. Sheng, X. Q. Qian, and R. Chang (2009). Role of Alkali Treatment on Mechanica and Thermal Properties of Bamboo Particles Reinforced Polyvinylchloride Composites. In Advanced Materials Research, volume 79. Trans Tech Publ, pages 545–548
Zhang, X., F. Wang, and L. M. Keer (2015). Influence of Surface Modication on the Microstructure and Thermo-mechanical Properties of Bamboo Fibers. Materials, 8(10); 6597–6608
Zhuang, B., A. Cloutier, and A. Koubaa (2022). Physical and Mechanical Properties of Oriented Strand Board Made from Eastern Canadian Softwood Species. Forests, 13(4); 523
Authors
Maulana, S., Taher, T., Rianjanu, A., Febrina, M., Agustina, S., Murda, R. A., Hidayat, W., & Bindar, Y. (2023). Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board Prepared from Alkali-Immersed Strands. Science and Technology Indonesia, 8(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.26554/sti.2023.8.1.1-8
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.