Uncovering Obstacles to Household Waste Recycling in Seremban, Malaysia through Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) Analysis.
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Keywords:
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Waste Management, Recycling, Household Waste, Barriers, Decision-making, DEMATEL, Seremban, Malaysia
Abstract
This study investigates the barriers to household waste recycling in Seremban, Malaysia, using the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) analysis. The research questions aimed to identify and rank the most significant barriers to recycling and understand the causal relationships between them. The study found that limited access to recycling facilities and services and lack of motivation or incentive to recycle were the most significant causes of household waste recycling barriers in Seremban. Onthe other hand, lack of motivation or incentive to recycle and negative attitudes towards recycling, were identified as the most significant effects. The study’s findings have theoretical implications for waste management and sustainable development and offer practical implications for policymakers and waste management practitioners in developing effective waste management strategies and policies that can address these barriers. Furthermore, the study’s insights into the most significant barriers to household waste recycling can inform the design of recycling campaigns and educational programs to increase awareness and promote household waste recycling in Seremban. Overall, this study provides a valuable contribution to the field of waste management and sustainable development and offers insights into the challenges of promoting household waste recycling in urban areas.
References
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Favot, M., L. Grassetti, A. Massarutto, and R. Veit (2022). Regulation and Competition in the Extended Producer Responsibility Models: Results in the WEEE Sector in Europe. Waste Management, 145; 60–71
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Ghaedrahmati, Z., M. Ghaffari, Y. Mehrabi, N. Alavi, F. Amereh, K. Roostaei, and M. Rafiee (2023). Urban Informal Waste Recycling in Tehran: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards Health Risks during Recycling Process. Cleaner Waste Systems, 4; 100064
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Jacobsen, L. F., S. Pedersen, and J. Thøgersen (2022). Drivers of and Barriers to Consumers’ Plastic Packaging Waste Avoidance and Recycling-A Systematic Literature Review. Waste Management, 141; 63–78
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King, C. D., C. G. Stephens, J. P. Lynch, and S. N. Jordan (2023). Farmers’ Attitudes Towards Agricultural Plastics–Management and Disposal, Awareness and Perceptions of the Environmental Impacts. Science of The Total Environment, 864; 160955
Lau, Y.-y., T. Kawasaki, J. Guan, and C. Not (2021). An Investigation into the Attitude and Behaviours of Ferry Passenger Towards General Waste Management. Ocean & Coastal Management, 213; 105879
Li, B., C. Xu, Z. Zhu, and F. Kong (2022). How to Encourage Farmers to Recycle Pesticide Packaging Wastes: Subsidies VS Social Norms. Journal of Cleaner Production, 367; 133016
Li, C., Y. Zhang, P. Nouvellet, J. O. Okoro, W. Xiao, and M. K. Harder (2020a). Distance is a Barrier to Recycling–or is it? Surprises from a Clean Test. Waste management, 108; 183–188
Li, S., J. Chai, M. Wang, L. Zhang, and X. Tian (2020b). Exploring Critical Factors Influencing Green Development of the Power Grid Based on DEMATEL-ISM Model. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 555(1); 012023
Lu, Z., L. Hasselström, G. Finnveden, and N. Johansson (2022). Cost-benefit Analysis of Two Possible Deposit-refund Systems for Reuse and Recycling of Plastic Packaging in Sweden. Cleaner Waste Systems, 3; 100048
Luthra, A., J. Lowe, and K. O. Berkley (2023). Dispossession by Platformization: The Rise of on demand Recycling in Urban India. Geoforum, 141; 103731
Ma, M., V. W. Tam, K. N. Le, and W. Li (2020). Challenges in Current Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling: A China study. Waste Management, 118; 610–625
Maiurova, A., T. A. Kurniawan, M. Kustikova, E. Bykovskaia, M. H. D. Othman, D. Singh, and H. H. Goh (2022). Promoting Digital Transformation in Waste Collection Service and Waste Recycling in Moscow (Russia): Applying a Circular Economy Paradigm to Mitigate Climate Change Impacts on the Environment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 354; 131604
Malibari, A., G. Alsawah, W. Saleh, and M. M. Lashin (2023). Analysis of Attitudes towards Food Waste in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Using Fuzzy Logic. Sustainability, 15(4); 3668
Matsumoto, S. (2011). Waste Separation at Home: Are Japanese Municipal Curbside Recycling Policies Efficient? Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 55(3); 325–334
Mousa, A. (2020). Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Recycling and its Associated Factors among Undergraduate Students in University of Tripoli. Khalij-Libya Journal of Dental and Medical Research, 4(2); 51–56
Nguyen, T. T. T., L. Malek, W. J. Umberger, and P. J. O’Connor (2022). Household Food Waste Disposal Behaviour is Driven by Perceived Personal Benefits, Recycling Habits and Ability to Compost. Journal of Cleaner Production, 379; 134636
Padilla, A. J. and J. C. Trujillo (2018). Waste Disposal and Households’ Heterogeneity. Identifying Factors Shaping Attitudes Towards Source-separated Recycling in Bogotá, Colombia. Waste Management, 74; 16–33
Reijonen, H., S. Bellman, J. Murphy, and H. Kokkonen (2021). Factors Related to Recycling Plastic Packaging in Finland’s New Waste Management Scheme. Waste Management, 131; 88–97
Shah, M. U. and R. Rezai (2023). Public-sector Participation in the Circular Economy: A Stakeholder Relationship Analysis of Economic and Social Factors of the Recycling System. Journal of Cleaner Production, 400; 136700
Shaikh, S., K. Thomas, S. Zuhair, and F. Magalini (2020). A cost-benefit Analysis of the Downstream Impacts of e-waste Recycling in Pakistan. Waste Management, 118; 302–312
Shuvo, T. F. (2023). Plastic Recycling & Plastic Recycling Business in Bangladesh. Independent University, Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh
Tian, X., J. Xie, L. Hu, H. Xiao, and Y. Liu (2022). Waste LEDs in China: Generation Estimation and Potential Recycling Benefits. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 187; 106640
Tsimnadis, K., G. L. Kyriakopoulos, G. Arabatzis, S. Leontopoulos, and E. Zervas (2023). An Innovative and Alternative Waste Collection Recycling Program Based on Source Separation of Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) and Operating with Mobile Green Points (MGPs). Sustainability, 15(4); 3106
Vijayan, R. V., M. M. Krishnan, S. Parayitam, S. P. A. Duraisami, and N. R. Saravanaselvan (2023). Exploring e-waste Recycling Behaviour Intention among the Households: Evidence from India. Cleaner Materials, 7; 100174
Wang, C., X. Zhang, and Q. Sun (2021a). The Influence of Economic Incentives on Residents’ Intention to Participate in Online Recycling: An Experimental Study from China. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 169; 105497
Wang, Y., J. Wang, X. Wang, and Q. Li (2021b). Does Policy Cognition Affect Livestock Farmers’ Investment in Manure Recycling Facilities? Evidence from China. Science of the Total Environment, 795; 148836
Woodard, R. (2020). Waste Management in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)–A Barrier to Developing Circular Cities. Waste Management, 118; 369–379
Wu, Z., Y. Zhang, Q. Chen, and H. Wang (2021). Attitude of Chinese Public towards Municipal Solid Waste Sorting Policy: A Text Mining Study. Science of the Total Environment, 756; 142674
Xu, L., H. Yang, and M. Ling (2023). Factors Moderating the Effect of Financial Incentives on Household Recycling: A Motivation Crowding Perspective. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 100; 107078
Yadav, R., D. K. Panda, and S. Kumar (2022). Understanding the Individuals’ Motivators and Barriers of E-waste Recycling: A Mixed-method Approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 324; 116303
Yang, X. and J. Thøgersen (2022). When People are Green and Greedy: A New Perspective of Recycling Rewards and Crowding-out in Germany, the USA and China. Journal of Business Research, 144; 217–235
Zaharudin, Z. A., A. Brint, and A. Genovese (2022). A Multiperiod Model for Reorganising Urban Household Waste Recycling Networks. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 84; 101396
Zhang, S., M. Zhang, X. Yu, and H. Ren (2016). What Keeps Chinese from Recycling: Accessibility of Recycling Facilities and the Behavior. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 109; 176–186
Zhong, H., S. Zhou, Z. Zhao, H. Zhang, J. Nie, and P. Simayi (2022). An Empirical Study on the Types of Consumers and their Preferences for E-waste Recycling with a Points System. Cleaner and Responsible Consumption, 7; 100087
Zhou, J., P. Jiang, J. Yang, and X. Liu (2021). Designing a Smart Incentive-based Recycling System for Household Recyclable Waste. Waste Management, 123; 142–153
Almulhim, A. I. (2022). Household’s Awareness and Participation in Sustainable Electronic Waste Management Practices in Saudi Arabia. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 13(4); 101729
Ayeleru, O. O., N. Fewster-Young, S. Gbashi, A. T. Akintola, I. M. Ramatsa, and P. A. Olubambi (2023). A statistical Analysis of Recycling Attitudes and Behaviours Towards Municipal Solid Waste Management: A Case Study of the University of Johannesburg, South Africa. Cleaner Waste Systems; 100077
Azme, S. N. K., N. S. I. M. Yusoff, L. Y. Chin, Y. Mohd, R. D. Hamid, M. N. Jalil, H. M. Zaki, S. H. Saleh, N. Ahmat, M. A. F. A. Manan, et al. (2023). Recycling Waste Cooking Oil into Soap: Knowledge Transfer through Community Service Learning. Cleaner Waste Systems, 4; 100084
Babaei, A. A., N. Alavi, G. Goudarzi, P. Teymouri, K. Ahmadi, and M. Rafiee (2015). Household Recycling Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards Solid Waste Management. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 102; 94–100
Byrne, S. and B. O’Regan (2014). Attitudes and Actions Towards Recycling Behaviours in the Limerick, Ireland Region. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 87; 89–96
Cheng, K. M., A. C. Koo, J. S. B. M. Nasir, and S. Y. Wong(2022). An Evaluation of Online Edcraft Gamified Learning (EGL) to Understand Motivation and Intention of Recycling Among Youth. Scientific Reports, 12(1); 14843
Chengqin, E. K., S. Zailani, M. K. Rahman, A. A. Aziz, M. A. Bhuiyan, and M. A. I. Gazi (2022). Determinants of House-hold Behavioural Intention Towards Reducing, Reusing and Recycling Food Waste Management. Nankai Business Review International; 1–25
Corrado, L., A. Fazio, and A. Pelloni (2022). Pro-environmental Attitudes, Local Environmental Conditions and Recycling Behavior. Journal of Cleaner Production, 362; 132399
de Moraes, C. S. B., L. S. Carnicel, A. M. Nolasco, G. M. Braghini, M. Martires, C. M. V. Bonaretto, W. L. H. Pinto, B. F. Felipe, F. J. Sasso, and L. A. de Paula (2022). Contributions on Selective Waste Collection and Recycling Cooperatives in Municipalities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering B, 11(5); 189–205
Dias, P., J. Palomero, M. P. Cenci, T. Scarazzato, and A. M. Bernardes (2022). Electronic Waste in Brazil: Generation, Collection, Recycling and the Covid Pandemic. Cleaner Waste Systems, 3; 100022
Dutta, D. and S. Goel (2021). Understanding the Gap between Formal and Informal e-waste Recycling Facilities in India. Waste Management, 125; 163–171
Favot, M., L. Grassetti, A. Massarutto, and R. Veit (2022). Regulation and Competition in the Extended Producer Responsibility Models: Results in the WEEE Sector in Europe. Waste Management, 145; 60–71
Garg, C. P. (2021). Modeling the e-waste Mitigation Strategies Using Grey-theory and DEMATEL Framework. Journal of Cleaner Production, 281; 124035
Ghaedrahmati, Z., M. Ghaffari, Y. Mehrabi, N. Alavi, F. Amereh, K. Roostaei, and M. Rafiee (2023). Urban Informal Waste Recycling in Tehran: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards Health Risks during Recycling Process. Cleaner Waste Systems, 4; 100064
Gilli, M., F. Nicolli, and P. Farinelli (2018). Behavioural Attitudes Towards Waste Prevention and Recycling. Ecological Economics, 154; 294–305
Gu, B., Y. Yao, H. Hang, Y. Wang, R. Jia, L. Liu, H. Ling, X. Tang, H. Zhang, Z. Wu, et al. (2022). Promoting Chinese Urban Residents’ Participation in Source Separation and Recycling. Waste Management, 139; 290–299
Helmefalk, M., A. Palmquist, and J. Rosenlund (2023). Understanding the Mechanisms of Household and Stakeholder Engagement in a Recycling Ecosystem: The SDL Perspective. Waste Management, 160; 1–11
Jacobsen, L. F., S. Pedersen, and J. Thøgersen (2022). Drivers of and Barriers to Consumers’ Plastic Packaging Waste Avoidance and Recycling-A Systematic Literature Review. Waste Management, 141; 63–78
Karaktekin, K., S. O. Haçat, and F. B. Demir (2023). Investigation of Attitudes Towards Solid Waste and Recycling from a Social Perspective. Türk Akademik Yayınlar Dergisi (TAY Journal), 7(1); 152–178
King, C. D., C. G. Stephens, J. P. Lynch, and S. N. Jordan (2023). Farmers’ Attitudes Towards Agricultural Plastics–Management and Disposal, Awareness and Perceptions of the Environmental Impacts. Science of The Total Environment, 864; 160955
Lau, Y.-y., T. Kawasaki, J. Guan, and C. Not (2021). An Investigation into the Attitude and Behaviours of Ferry Passenger Towards General Waste Management. Ocean & Coastal Management, 213; 105879
Li, B., C. Xu, Z. Zhu, and F. Kong (2022). How to Encourage Farmers to Recycle Pesticide Packaging Wastes: Subsidies VS Social Norms. Journal of Cleaner Production, 367; 133016
Li, C., Y. Zhang, P. Nouvellet, J. O. Okoro, W. Xiao, and M. K. Harder (2020a). Distance is a Barrier to Recycling–or is it? Surprises from a Clean Test. Waste management, 108; 183–188
Li, S., J. Chai, M. Wang, L. Zhang, and X. Tian (2020b). Exploring Critical Factors Influencing Green Development of the Power Grid Based on DEMATEL-ISM Model. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 555(1); 012023
Lu, Z., L. Hasselström, G. Finnveden, and N. Johansson (2022). Cost-benefit Analysis of Two Possible Deposit-refund Systems for Reuse and Recycling of Plastic Packaging in Sweden. Cleaner Waste Systems, 3; 100048
Luthra, A., J. Lowe, and K. O. Berkley (2023). Dispossession by Platformization: The Rise of on demand Recycling in Urban India. Geoforum, 141; 103731
Ma, M., V. W. Tam, K. N. Le, and W. Li (2020). Challenges in Current Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling: A China study. Waste Management, 118; 610–625
Maiurova, A., T. A. Kurniawan, M. Kustikova, E. Bykovskaia, M. H. D. Othman, D. Singh, and H. H. Goh (2022). Promoting Digital Transformation in Waste Collection Service and Waste Recycling in Moscow (Russia): Applying a Circular Economy Paradigm to Mitigate Climate Change Impacts on the Environment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 354; 131604
Malibari, A., G. Alsawah, W. Saleh, and M. M. Lashin (2023). Analysis of Attitudes towards Food Waste in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Using Fuzzy Logic. Sustainability, 15(4); 3668
Matsumoto, S. (2011). Waste Separation at Home: Are Japanese Municipal Curbside Recycling Policies Efficient? Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 55(3); 325–334
Mousa, A. (2020). Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Recycling and its Associated Factors among Undergraduate Students in University of Tripoli. Khalij-Libya Journal of Dental and Medical Research, 4(2); 51–56
Nguyen, T. T. T., L. Malek, W. J. Umberger, and P. J. O’Connor (2022). Household Food Waste Disposal Behaviour is Driven by Perceived Personal Benefits, Recycling Habits and Ability to Compost. Journal of Cleaner Production, 379; 134636
Padilla, A. J. and J. C. Trujillo (2018). Waste Disposal and Households’ Heterogeneity. Identifying Factors Shaping Attitudes Towards Source-separated Recycling in Bogotá, Colombia. Waste Management, 74; 16–33
Reijonen, H., S. Bellman, J. Murphy, and H. Kokkonen (2021). Factors Related to Recycling Plastic Packaging in Finland’s New Waste Management Scheme. Waste Management, 131; 88–97
Shah, M. U. and R. Rezai (2023). Public-sector Participation in the Circular Economy: A Stakeholder Relationship Analysis of Economic and Social Factors of the Recycling System. Journal of Cleaner Production, 400; 136700
Shaikh, S., K. Thomas, S. Zuhair, and F. Magalini (2020). A cost-benefit Analysis of the Downstream Impacts of e-waste Recycling in Pakistan. Waste Management, 118; 302–312
Shuvo, T. F. (2023). Plastic Recycling & Plastic Recycling Business in Bangladesh. Independent University, Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh
Tian, X., J. Xie, L. Hu, H. Xiao, and Y. Liu (2022). Waste LEDs in China: Generation Estimation and Potential Recycling Benefits. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 187; 106640
Tsimnadis, K., G. L. Kyriakopoulos, G. Arabatzis, S. Leontopoulos, and E. Zervas (2023). An Innovative and Alternative Waste Collection Recycling Program Based on Source Separation of Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) and Operating with Mobile Green Points (MGPs). Sustainability, 15(4); 3106
Vijayan, R. V., M. M. Krishnan, S. Parayitam, S. P. A. Duraisami, and N. R. Saravanaselvan (2023). Exploring e-waste Recycling Behaviour Intention among the Households: Evidence from India. Cleaner Materials, 7; 100174
Wang, C., X. Zhang, and Q. Sun (2021a). The Influence of Economic Incentives on Residents’ Intention to Participate in Online Recycling: An Experimental Study from China. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 169; 105497
Wang, Y., J. Wang, X. Wang, and Q. Li (2021b). Does Policy Cognition Affect Livestock Farmers’ Investment in Manure Recycling Facilities? Evidence from China. Science of the Total Environment, 795; 148836
Woodard, R. (2020). Waste Management in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)–A Barrier to Developing Circular Cities. Waste Management, 118; 369–379
Wu, Z., Y. Zhang, Q. Chen, and H. Wang (2021). Attitude of Chinese Public towards Municipal Solid Waste Sorting Policy: A Text Mining Study. Science of the Total Environment, 756; 142674
Xu, L., H. Yang, and M. Ling (2023). Factors Moderating the Effect of Financial Incentives on Household Recycling: A Motivation Crowding Perspective. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 100; 107078
Yadav, R., D. K. Panda, and S. Kumar (2022). Understanding the Individuals’ Motivators and Barriers of E-waste Recycling: A Mixed-method Approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 324; 116303
Yang, X. and J. Thøgersen (2022). When People are Green and Greedy: A New Perspective of Recycling Rewards and Crowding-out in Germany, the USA and China. Journal of Business Research, 144; 217–235
Zaharudin, Z. A., A. Brint, and A. Genovese (2022). A Multiperiod Model for Reorganising Urban Household Waste Recycling Networks. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 84; 101396
Zhang, S., M. Zhang, X. Yu, and H. Ren (2016). What Keeps Chinese from Recycling: Accessibility of Recycling Facilities and the Behavior. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 109; 176–186
Zhong, H., S. Zhou, Z. Zhao, H. Zhang, J. Nie, and P. Simayi (2022). An Empirical Study on the Types of Consumers and their Preferences for E-waste Recycling with a Points System. Cleaner and Responsible Consumption, 7; 100087
Zhou, J., P. Jiang, J. Yang, and X. Liu (2021). Designing a Smart Incentive-based Recycling System for Household Recyclable Waste. Waste Management, 123; 142–153
Authors
Rodzi, Z. M. ., Hazri, A. N. ., Azri, N. A. S. M. ., Rhmdan, N. D. F. S. ., Zaharudin, . Z. A. ., & Uttunggadewa, S. . (2023). Uncovering Obstacles to Household Waste Recycling in Seremban, Malaysia through Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) Analysis. Science and Technology Indonesia, 8(3), 422–428. https://doi.org/10.26554/sti.2023.8.3.422-428
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