Synthesis of Ion Imprinted Polymers (IIPs) Adsorbent Materials Using Fe(III) Leaching Process with Variation of Hydrochloric Acid Solvent Concentration and Heat Treatment
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Keywords:
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Ion Imprinted, Fe(III), Leaching, Cooling-Heating, Adsorption
Abstract
Fe(III)-IIPs material was prepared using a cooling-heating method with different leaching variations. The synthesis process used several chemical components, including EGDMA, MAA, and BPO as the crosslinker, functional monomer, and initiator. This study focused on the template formation process of IIPs with leaching variations, using parameters such as molarity concentration, solution mixture, and temperature to influence the amount of template formed in the polymer body. The spectra of XRD showed a widening value of FWHM as higher molarity was applied during the leaching process, with the widest one at 0.163 rad for IIPs 3 M. Fe(III) peak is located at 680-610 cm−1 or 1386-1350 cm−1 within the unleached sample, according to FTIR spectra. It also can be traced at minimum intensity in leached samples. SEM data processing showed that higher concentrations were essential in releasing Fe(III) ions from the polymer body. Meanwhile, heat treatment did not strongly impact the template formation sites of IIPs. Synthesized Fe(III)-IIPs materials had adsorption capacity, optimum time, and efficiency of 9.35 mg.g−1, 40 minutes, and 93.48%, respectively. Based on the results, Fe(III)-IIPs materials had great potential as adsorbents for removing metal pollutants from water.
References
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Koriyanti, E., K. Saleh, F. Monado, F. Syawali, and I. Royani (2020). On the Effect of Ethanol Solution on Melamine Template Removal Process. Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 55(1); 2020
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Mhatre, A., C. Agarwal, T. N. Nag, A. Bhattacharyya, and R. Tripathi (2021). Phosphate-Based Ce (IV) Ion-Imprinted Polymers for Separation of Berkelium: Testing the Homologue Imprinting Approach for Heavy Actinides. ACS Applied Polymer Materials, 3(3); 1465–1478
Mitreva, M., I. Dakova, and I. Karadjova (2017). Iron (II) Ion Imprinted Polymer for Fe (II)/Fe (III) Speciation in Wine. Microchemical Journal, 132; 238–244
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Palapa, N. R., N. Ahmad, A. Wijaya, and Z. A. Zahara (2023). Facile Fabrication of Layered Double Hydroxide-Lignin for Efficient Adsorption of Malachite Green. Science and Technology Indonesia, 8(2); 305–311
Rais, S., A. Islam, I. Ahmad, S. Kumar, A. Chauhan, and H. Javed (2021). Preparation of a New Magnetic Ion-Imprinted Polymer and Optimization Using Box-Behnken Design for Selective Removal and Determination of Cu (II) in Food and Wastewater Samples. Food Chemistry, 334; 127563
Reis, P. M., J. R. Rodrigues, L. M. Gando-Ferreira, and R. M. Quinta-Ferreira (2024). Optimization of Fenton Process Conditions in Winery Wastewaters Treatment Followed by Ion Exchange Process to Recover Iron. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 129; 365–372
Ricart, D., A. D. Dorado, C. Lao-Luque, and M. Baeza (2024). Microflow Injection Analysis Based on Modular 3D Platforms and Colorimetric Detection for Fe (III) Monitoring in a Wide Concentration Range. Microchimica Acta, 191(1); 3
Rivaro, P., D. Vivado, C. Ianni, A. Salis, A. Parodi, and E. Millo (2024). A New Approach to Characterize Siderophore-Type Ligands in Seawater by Solid Phase Synthesis and SPEHPLC-ESI MS/MS Analysis. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 12(1); 110
Roushani, M., T. M. Beygi, and Z. Saedi (2016). Synthesis and Application of Ion-Imprinted Polymer for Extraction and Pre-Concentration of Iron Ions in Environmental Water and Food Samples. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 153; 637–644
Royani, I. and M. Abdullah (2019). The Effect of Atrazine Concentration on Galvanic Cell Potential Based on MolecularlyImprinted Polymers (MIPS) and Aluminium As Contact Electrode. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, volume 1282. IOP Publishing, page 012029
Royani, I., A. Amalia, J. Jorena, F. S. Arsyad, E. Koriyanti, and F. Monado (2021). The Characteristic Analysis of Caffeine Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Synthesized Using The Cooling-Heating Method, for Application as a Sensor Material. Science and Technology Indonesia, 6(4); 256–260
Royani, I., W. Widayani, A. Mikrajuddin, and K. Khairurrijal (2014). Effect of Heating Time on Atrazine-Based MIP Materials Synthesized via the Cooling-Heating Method. Advanced Materials Research, 896; 89–94
Sala, A., H. Brisset, A. Margaillan, J.-U. Mullot, and C. Branger (2022). Electrochemical Sensors Modified with Ion-Imprinted Polymers for Metal Ion Detection. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 148; 116536
Sha’arani, S. A. W., M. A. M. R. S. Khudri, A. R. Othman, M. I. E. Halmi, N. A. Yasid, and M. Y. Shukor (2019). Kinetic Analysis of the Adsorption of the Brominated Flame Retardant 4-Bromodiphenyl Ether onto Biochar-Immobilized Sphingomonas Sp. Bioremediation Science and Technology Research, 7(1); 8–12
Sokolov, A., D. Valeev, and A. Kasikov (2021). Solvent Extraction of Iron (III) from Al Chloride Solution of Bauxite HCl Leaching by Mixture of Aliphatic Alcohol and Ketone. Metals, 11(2); 321
Spiess, A.-N. and N. Neumeyer (2010). An Evaluation of R2 As an Inadequate Measure for Nonlinear Models in Pharmacological and Biochemical Research: A Monte Carlo Approach. BMC Pharmacology, 10(1); 1–11
Taheri, Z., A. Afkhami, T. Madrakian, and M. Kamalabadi (2021). Application of Magnetic Ion Imprinted Polymers for Simultaneous Quantification of Al3+and Be2+ Ions Using the Mean Centering of Ratio Spectra Method. Talanta, 225; 122003
Ullah, S., M. Hashmi, N. Hussain, A. Ullah, M. N. Sarwar, Y. Saito, S. H. Kim, and I. S. Kim (2020). Stabilized Nanofibers of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Crosslinked by Unique Method for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 33; 101111
Valeev, D., A. Mikhailova, and A. Atmadzhidi (2018). Kinetics of Iron Extraction from Coal Fly Ash by Hydrochloric Acid Leaching. Metals, 8(7); 533
Wang, L., B. Li, J. Wang, J. Qi, J. Li, J. Ma, and L. Chen (2022). A Rotary Multi-Positioned Cloth/paper Hybrid Microfluidic Device for Simultaneous Fluorescence Sensing of Mercury and Lead Ions by Using Ion Imprinted Technologies. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 428; 128165
Wyns, K., N. Gys, A. D. Varela, J. Spooren, T. A. Atia, E. M. Seftel, and B. Michielsen (2021). Iron (III) Removal from Acidic Solutions Using Mesoporous Titania Microspheres Prepared by Vibrational Droplet Coagulation. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(5); 106257
Xia, M., Z. Chen, Y. Li, C. Li, N. M. Ahmad, W. A. Cheema, and S. Zhu (2019). Removal of Hg (II) in Aqueous Solutions through Physical and Chemical Adsorption Principles. RSC Advances, 9(36); 20941–20953
Zhang, X., X. Ou, J. Zhang, Z. Chen, C. Liu, H. Li, X. Li, Y. Sun, Z. Chen, and J. Zhu (2021). Smart Ion Imprinted Polymer for Selective Adsorption of Ru (III) and Simultaneously Waste Sample Being Transformed As a Catalyst. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 417; 126072
Zhao, Z., H. Jiang, L. Wu, N. Yu, Z. Luo, and W. Geng (2022). Preparation of Magnetic Surface Ion Imprinted Polymer Based on Functionalized Fe3O4 for Fast and Selective Adsorption of Cobalt Ions from Water. Water, 14(2); 261
Zhu, G. J., H. Y. Tang, P. H. Qing, H. L. Zhang, X. C. Cheng, Z. H. Cai, H. B. Xu, and Y. Zhang (2020). A Monophosphonic Group-Functionalized Ion-Imprinted Polymer for a Removal of Fe3+ from Highly Concentrated Basic Chromium Sulfate Solution. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 37(5); 911–920
Adibmehr, Z. and H. Faghihian (2019). Preparation of Highly Selective Magnetic Cobalt Ion Imprinted Polymer Based on Functionalized SBA-15 for Removal CO+2 from Aqueous Solutions. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 17(2); 1213–1225
Ahmad, N., F. S. Arsyad, I. Royani, and A. Lesbani (2022). Adsorption of Methylene Blue on Magnetite Humic Acid: Kinetic, Isotherm, Thermodynamic, and Regeneration Studies. Results in Chemistry, 4; 100629
Ahmadi, E., H. Hajifatheali, Z. Valipoor, and M. Marefat (2021). Synthesis, Characterization and Analytical Applications of Ni (II) Ion-Imprinted Polymer Prepared by N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl) Acrylamide. Journal of Polymer Research, 28(181); 1–11
Belmabkhout, Y., V. Guillerm, and M. Eddaoudi (2016). Low Concentration CO2 Capture Using Physical Adsorbents: Are Metal-Organic Frameworks Becoming the New Benchmark Materials? Chemical Engineering Journal, 296; 386–397
Bezzina, J. P., T. Robshaw, R. Dawson, and M. D. Ogden (2020). Single Metal Isotherm Study of the Ion Exchange Removal of Cu (II), Fe (II), Pb (II) and Zn (II) from Synthetic Acetic Acid Leachate. Chemical Engineering Journal, 394; 124862
Cao, H., P. Yang, T. Ye, M. Yuan, J. Yu, X. Wu, F. Yin, Y. Li, and F. Xu (2021). Recognizing Adsorption of Cd (II) by a Novel Core-Shell Mesoporous Ion-Imprinted Polymer: Characterization, Binding Mechanism and Practical Application. Chemosphere, 278; 130369
Chi, Z., Y. Zhu, W. Liu, H. Huang, and H. Li (2021). Selective Removal of As (III) Using Magnetic Graphene Oxide Ion-Imprinted Polymer in Porous Media: Potential Effect of External Magnetic Field. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(4); 105671
Darmawan, W., D. Nurani, D. Rahayu, and I. Abdullah (2020). Synthesis of Ion Imprinted Polymer for Separation and Pre-concentration of Iron (III). In AIP Conference Proceedings, volume 2242. AIP Publishing, page 040025
Diale, P., D. Hildebrandt, D. Glasser, T. Matambo, and S. Makgato (2023). An Analysis of the Processes, Kinetics and Equilibrium of Iron’s Biosorption on Immobilized Green Microalgae. South African Journal of Chemical Engineering, 45; 210–220
Edianta, J., O. Satya, F. Virgo, K. Saleh, and I. Royani (2023a). Design of Potentiometric Instrumentation System Based on Arduino Nano Microcontroller Using Imprinted Polymer for the Determination of Fe (III) Metal Ions. In AIP Conference Proceedings, volume 2689. AIP Publishing, page 2689
Edianta, J., O. C. Satya, K. Saleh, F. Virgo, F. Monado, and I. Royani (2023b). Review of Ion Imprinted Polymers Nanofiber with Technology Electrospinning: An Advanced Materials for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions. Journal of Chemical Technology & Metallurgy, 58(4); 731–738
Huang, H., Y. Ji, Z. Qiao, C. Zhao, J. He, and H. Zhang (2010). Preparation, Characterization, and Application of Magnetic Fe-SBA-15 Mesoporous Silica Molecular Sieves. Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry, 2010; 1–7
Huang, L., C. T. Parsons, S. Slowinski, and P. Van Cappellen (2024). Co-Precipitation of Iron and Silicon: Reaction Kinetics, Elemental Ratios and the Influence of Phosphorus. Chemosphere, 349; 140930
Izadi, A., A. Mohebbi, M. Amiri, and N. Izadi (2017). Removal of Iron Ions from Industrial Copper Raffinate and Electrowinning Electrolyte Solutions by Chemical Precipitation and Ion Exchange. Minerals Engineering, 113; 23–35
Jansen, B., F. Tonneijck, and J. Verstraten (2011). Selective Extraction Methods for Aluminium, Iron and Organic Carbon from Montane Volcanic Ash Soils. Pedosphere, 21(5); 549–565
Kasim, N., A. W. Mohammad, and S. R. S. Abdullah (2016). Performance of Membrane Filtration in the Removal of Iron and Manganese from Malaysia’s Groundwater. Membr. Water Treat, 7(4); 277–296
Kim, B.-K., E. J. Lee, Y. Kang, and J.-J. Lee (2018). Application of Ionic Liquids for Metal Dissolution and Extraction. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 61; 388–397
Kong, Z., Y. Du, J. Wei, H. Zhang, and L. Fan (2021). Synthesis of a New Ion-Imprinted Polymer for Selective Cr (VI) Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions Effectively and Rapidly. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 588; 749–760
Koriyanti, E., K. Saleh, F. Monado, F. Syawali, and I. Royani (2020). On the Effect of Ethanol Solution on Melamine Template Removal Process. Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 55(1); 2020
Mahmoud, M. A. (2015). Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Aluminum Oxide Nanopowder As Adsorbent for Fe (III) from Aqueous Solution. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 4(2); 142–149
Mhatre, A., C. Agarwal, T. N. Nag, A. Bhattacharyya, and R. Tripathi (2021). Phosphate-Based Ce (IV) Ion-Imprinted Polymers for Separation of Berkelium: Testing the Homologue Imprinting Approach for Heavy Actinides. ACS Applied Polymer Materials, 3(3); 1465–1478
Mitreva, M., I. Dakova, and I. Karadjova (2017). Iron (II) Ion Imprinted Polymer for Fe (II)/Fe (III) Speciation in Wine. Microchemical Journal, 132; 238–244
Mohammed, E. A., C. Naugler, and B. H. Far (2015). Emerging Business Intelligence Framework for a Clinical Laboratory through Big Data Analytics. Emerging trends in computational biology, bioinformatics, and systems biology: algorithms and software tools. New York: Elsevier/Morgan Kaufmann; 577–602
Novianty, J. Edianta, Jorena, K. Saleh, A. A. Bama, E. Koriyanti, M. Ariani, and I. Royani (2023). Synthesis of Fe(III)-IIPs (Ion Imprinted Polymers): Comparing Different Concentrations of HCl and HNO3 Solutions in the Fe(III) Polymer Extraction Process for Obtaining the Largest Cavities in Fe(III)-IIPs. Science and Technology Indonesia, 8(3); 361–366
Palapa, N. R., N. Ahmad, A. Wijaya, and Z. A. Zahara (2023). Facile Fabrication of Layered Double Hydroxide-Lignin for Efficient Adsorption of Malachite Green. Science and Technology Indonesia, 8(2); 305–311
Rais, S., A. Islam, I. Ahmad, S. Kumar, A. Chauhan, and H. Javed (2021). Preparation of a New Magnetic Ion-Imprinted Polymer and Optimization Using Box-Behnken Design for Selective Removal and Determination of Cu (II) in Food and Wastewater Samples. Food Chemistry, 334; 127563
Reis, P. M., J. R. Rodrigues, L. M. Gando-Ferreira, and R. M. Quinta-Ferreira (2024). Optimization of Fenton Process Conditions in Winery Wastewaters Treatment Followed by Ion Exchange Process to Recover Iron. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 129; 365–372
Ricart, D., A. D. Dorado, C. Lao-Luque, and M. Baeza (2024). Microflow Injection Analysis Based on Modular 3D Platforms and Colorimetric Detection for Fe (III) Monitoring in a Wide Concentration Range. Microchimica Acta, 191(1); 3
Rivaro, P., D. Vivado, C. Ianni, A. Salis, A. Parodi, and E. Millo (2024). A New Approach to Characterize Siderophore-Type Ligands in Seawater by Solid Phase Synthesis and SPEHPLC-ESI MS/MS Analysis. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 12(1); 110
Roushani, M., T. M. Beygi, and Z. Saedi (2016). Synthesis and Application of Ion-Imprinted Polymer for Extraction and Pre-Concentration of Iron Ions in Environmental Water and Food Samples. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 153; 637–644
Royani, I. and M. Abdullah (2019). The Effect of Atrazine Concentration on Galvanic Cell Potential Based on MolecularlyImprinted Polymers (MIPS) and Aluminium As Contact Electrode. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, volume 1282. IOP Publishing, page 012029
Royani, I., A. Amalia, J. Jorena, F. S. Arsyad, E. Koriyanti, and F. Monado (2021). The Characteristic Analysis of Caffeine Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Synthesized Using The Cooling-Heating Method, for Application as a Sensor Material. Science and Technology Indonesia, 6(4); 256–260
Royani, I., W. Widayani, A. Mikrajuddin, and K. Khairurrijal (2014). Effect of Heating Time on Atrazine-Based MIP Materials Synthesized via the Cooling-Heating Method. Advanced Materials Research, 896; 89–94
Sala, A., H. Brisset, A. Margaillan, J.-U. Mullot, and C. Branger (2022). Electrochemical Sensors Modified with Ion-Imprinted Polymers for Metal Ion Detection. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 148; 116536
Sha’arani, S. A. W., M. A. M. R. S. Khudri, A. R. Othman, M. I. E. Halmi, N. A. Yasid, and M. Y. Shukor (2019). Kinetic Analysis of the Adsorption of the Brominated Flame Retardant 4-Bromodiphenyl Ether onto Biochar-Immobilized Sphingomonas Sp. Bioremediation Science and Technology Research, 7(1); 8–12
Sokolov, A., D. Valeev, and A. Kasikov (2021). Solvent Extraction of Iron (III) from Al Chloride Solution of Bauxite HCl Leaching by Mixture of Aliphatic Alcohol and Ketone. Metals, 11(2); 321
Spiess, A.-N. and N. Neumeyer (2010). An Evaluation of R2 As an Inadequate Measure for Nonlinear Models in Pharmacological and Biochemical Research: A Monte Carlo Approach. BMC Pharmacology, 10(1); 1–11
Taheri, Z., A. Afkhami, T. Madrakian, and M. Kamalabadi (2021). Application of Magnetic Ion Imprinted Polymers for Simultaneous Quantification of Al3+and Be2+ Ions Using the Mean Centering of Ratio Spectra Method. Talanta, 225; 122003
Ullah, S., M. Hashmi, N. Hussain, A. Ullah, M. N. Sarwar, Y. Saito, S. H. Kim, and I. S. Kim (2020). Stabilized Nanofibers of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Crosslinked by Unique Method for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 33; 101111
Valeev, D., A. Mikhailova, and A. Atmadzhidi (2018). Kinetics of Iron Extraction from Coal Fly Ash by Hydrochloric Acid Leaching. Metals, 8(7); 533
Wang, L., B. Li, J. Wang, J. Qi, J. Li, J. Ma, and L. Chen (2022). A Rotary Multi-Positioned Cloth/paper Hybrid Microfluidic Device for Simultaneous Fluorescence Sensing of Mercury and Lead Ions by Using Ion Imprinted Technologies. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 428; 128165
Wyns, K., N. Gys, A. D. Varela, J. Spooren, T. A. Atia, E. M. Seftel, and B. Michielsen (2021). Iron (III) Removal from Acidic Solutions Using Mesoporous Titania Microspheres Prepared by Vibrational Droplet Coagulation. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(5); 106257
Xia, M., Z. Chen, Y. Li, C. Li, N. M. Ahmad, W. A. Cheema, and S. Zhu (2019). Removal of Hg (II) in Aqueous Solutions through Physical and Chemical Adsorption Principles. RSC Advances, 9(36); 20941–20953
Zhang, X., X. Ou, J. Zhang, Z. Chen, C. Liu, H. Li, X. Li, Y. Sun, Z. Chen, and J. Zhu (2021). Smart Ion Imprinted Polymer for Selective Adsorption of Ru (III) and Simultaneously Waste Sample Being Transformed As a Catalyst. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 417; 126072
Zhao, Z., H. Jiang, L. Wu, N. Yu, Z. Luo, and W. Geng (2022). Preparation of Magnetic Surface Ion Imprinted Polymer Based on Functionalized Fe3O4 for Fast and Selective Adsorption of Cobalt Ions from Water. Water, 14(2); 261
Zhu, G. J., H. Y. Tang, P. H. Qing, H. L. Zhang, X. C. Cheng, Z. H. Cai, H. B. Xu, and Y. Zhang (2020). A Monophosphonic Group-Functionalized Ion-Imprinted Polymer for a Removal of Fe3+ from Highly Concentrated Basic Chromium Sulfate Solution. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 37(5); 911–920
Authors
Royani, I., Maimunah, Edianta, J., Alfikro, . I. ., Fiber Monado, Jorena, Satya, O. C. ., & Virgo, F. . (2024). Synthesis of Ion Imprinted Polymers (IIPs) Adsorbent Materials Using Fe(III) Leaching Process with Variation of Hydrochloric Acid Solvent Concentration and Heat Treatment. Science and Technology Indonesia, 9(2), 336–344. https://doi.org/10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.336-344
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