Clitoria ternatea Flower Extract Mediated Synthesis of Ni-Doped Hydroxyapatite as Photocatalyst, Antibacterial, and Drug Delivery Agent for Anticancer Drug
Article Sidebar
Keywords:
-
Antibacterial Agent, Drug Delivery System, Hydroxyapatite, Nickel-Doped Hydroxyapatite, Photocatalyst
Abstract
In the present study, green synthesis of nickel-doped hydroxyapatite using Clitoria ternatea flower extract, and activity testing as photocatalyst, antibacterial agent and drug delivery agent were performed. Synthesis was conducted by hydrothermal treatment of co-precipitated precursors previously mediated with the extract. As drug delivery agent, immobilization of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) onto the prepared sample was performed by spray-drying method. Physicochemical characterization techniques of X-ray diffraction, UV-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, Raman and Fourier-Transform Infra-red spectroscopy were performed to determine the structural and surface properties of material. Photocatalytic activity evaluation for tetracycline removal showed that material has capability to reduce concentration by photocatalytic degradation and photocatalytic oxidation. The degradation efficiency of material was 83.78%. The prepared material exhibited a significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The material also expressed the potency as a drug-delivery agent of 5-fluorouracil as shown by the reduced CT26 cell viability of more than 85% during 48 hours.
References
Abdel-Aal, E. A., D. El-Sayed, and H. M. Abdel-Ghafar (2024). Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Crystals With and Without Seed Crystals and Surfactant. Discover Applied Sciences, 6(4); 143
Afarideh, B., M. Rajabibazl, M. Omidi, A. Bahramyaghmaee, Rahimpour, R. Khodabakhshi, and S. Sarvarian (2018). Anticancer Activity of Graphene Oxide/5-Fu on CT26 DSRED Adenocarcinoma Cell Line. Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 34(4); 2002–2007
Al-darwesh, M. Y., S. S. Ibrahim, and M. A. Mohammed (2024). A Review on Plant Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Biomedical Applications. Results in Chemistry, 7; 101368
Alorku, K., M. Manoj, and A. Yuan (2020). A Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications: A Review. RSC Advances, 10(67); 40923–40939
Altaee, M. F., L. A. Yaaqoob, and Z. K. Kamona (2020). Evaluation of the Biological Activity of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles as Antibacterial and Anticancer Agents. Iraqi Journal of Science, 61(11); 2888–2896
Anastasiou, A. D., C. L. Thomson, S. A. Hussain, T. J. Edwards, S. Strafford, M. Malinowski, and A. Jha (2016). Sintering of Calcium Phosphates with a Femtosecond Pulsed Laser for Hard Tissue Engineering. Materials and Design, 101; 346–354
Azizi, A. (2020). Green Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Its Application in Preparation of Fe3O4/Cellulose Magnetic Nanocomposite: A Suitable Proposal for Drug Delivery Systems. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, 30(9); 3552–3561
Balto, H., M. Amina, R. S. Bhat, H. M. Al-Yousef, S. H. Auda, and A. Elansary (2023). Green Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles Using Salvadora persica and Their Application in Antimicrobial Activity Against Oral Microbes. Microbiology Research, 14(4); 1879–1893
Berkün Olgun, O., B. Palas, S. Atalay, and G. Ersöz (2021). Photocatalytic Oxidation and Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of Real Pharmaceutical Wastewater in the Presence of Fe and LaFeO3 Doped Activated Carbon Catalysts. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 171; 421–432
Chen, Y., J. Yang, L. Zeng, and M. Zhu (2022). Recent Progress on the Removal of Antibiotic Pollutants Using Photocatalytic Oxidation Process. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 52(8); 1401–1448
Ciobanu, C. S., S. L. Iconaru, C. L. Popa, M. Motelica-Heino, and D. Predoi (2015). Evaluation of Samarium Doped Hydroxyapatite, Ceramics for Medical Application: Antimicrobial Activity. Journal of Nanomaterials, 2015(1); 849216
Diwan, H., S. Dan, and M. K. Sah (2024). Synergistic Effect of Waste-Derived β-Tricalcium Phosphate Microbeads Loaded in Hydroxyapatite-Keratin-Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite Matrix in Drug Release for Osteosarcoma Treatment. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 10(1); 109
Elbasuney, S., G. S. El-Sayyad, S. M. Radwan, and M. A. Correa-Duarte (2022). Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Silver Doped Hydroxyapatite: A Novel Bioceramic Material for Dental Filling. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, 32(12); 4559–4575
Far, H., M. Hamici, N. Brihi, K. Haddadi, M. Boudissa, T. Chihi, and M. Fatmi (2022). High-Performance Photocatalytic Degradation of NiO Nanoparticles Embedded on α-Fe2O3 Nanoporous Layers Under Visible Light Irradiation. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 19; 1944–1960
Fatimah, I., P. W. Citradewi, G. Fadillah, I. Sahroni, G. Purwiandono, and R. A. Dong (2021a). Enhanced Performance of Magnetic Montmorillonite Nanocomposite as Adsorbent for Cu(II) by Hydrothermal Synthesis. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(1); 104968
Fatimah, I., P. W. Citradewi, A. Yahya, B. H. Nugroho, H. Hidayat, G. Purwiandono, and S. Ibrahim (2021b). Biosynthesized Gold Nanoparticles-Doped Hydroxyapatite as Antibacterial and Antioxidant Nanocomposite. Materials Research Express, 8(11); 0–10
Fatimah, I., H. Hidayat, P. W. Citradewi, M. Tamyiz, R. A. Doong, and S. Sagadevan (2023). Hydrothermally Synthesized Titanium/Hydroxyapatite as Photoactive and Antibacterial Biomaterial. Heliyon, 9(3); e14434
Fatimah, I., H. Hidayat, B. H. Nugroho, and S. Husein (2020). Ultrasound-Assisted Biosynthesis of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles Using Clitoria ternatea Flower. South African Journal of Chemical Engineering, 34; 97–106
Fatimah, I., H. Hidayat, G. Purwiandono, K. Khoirunisa, H. A. Zahra, R. Audita, and S. Sagadevan (2022). Green Synthesis of Antibacterial Nanocomposite of Silver Nanoparticle-Doped Hydroxyapatite Utilizing Curcuma longa Leaf Extract and Land Snail (Achatina Fulica) Shell Waste. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 13(2); 84
Fatimah, I., G. D. Ramanda, S. Sagadevan, Suratno, M. Tamyiz, and R. A. Doong (2024). One-Pot Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles-Embedded Biochar and Insight on Adsorption, Catalytic Oxidation, and Photocatalytic Oxidation of Dye. Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 10; 100767
Fihri, A., C. Len, R. S. Varma, and A. Solhy (2017). Hydroxyapatite: A Review of Syntheses, Structure, and Applications in Heterogeneous Catalysis. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 347; 46–76
Haider, A. J., R. Al-Anbari, H. M. Sami, and M. J. Haider (2019). Photocatalytic Activity of Nickel Oxide. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 8(3); 2802–2808
Ilbeigi, G., A. Kariminik, and M. H. Moshafi (2019). The Antibacterial Activities of NiO Nanoparticles Against Some Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Strains. International Journal of Basic Science in Medicine, 4(2); 69–74
In, Y., U. Amornkitbamrung, M. H. Hong, and H. Shin (2020). On the Crystallization of Hydroxyapatite Under Hydrothermal Conditions: Role of Sebacic Acid as an Additive. ACS Omega, 5(42); 27204–27210
Ivankovic, T., H. Turk, J. Hrenovic, Z. Schauperl, M. Ivankovic, and A. Ressler (2023). Antibacterial Activity of Silver-Doped Hydroxyapatite Toward Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 458; 131867
Jeyaraj, E. J., Y. Y. Lim, and W. S. Choo (2021). Extraction Methods of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) Flower and Biological Activities of Its Phytochemicals. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 58(6); 2054–2067
Jiji, K. N., and P. Muralidharan (2021). Identification and Characterization of Phytoconstituents of Ethanolic Root Extract of Clitoria ternatea L. Utilizing HR-LCMS Analysis. Plant Science Today, 8(3); 535–540
Kanasan, N., S. Adzila, H. A. Rahman, N. Bano, G. Panerselvan, and N. A. Hidayati (2018). FTIR and XRD Evaluation of Magnesium-Doped Hydroxyapatite/Sodium Alginate Powder by Precipitation Method. Key Engineering Materials, 791; 45–49
Kanchana, P., and C. Sekar (2012). Effect of Magnesium on the Mechanical and Bioactive Properties of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 11(10); 982–988
Khwannimit, D., R. Maungchang, and P. Rattanakit (2020). Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Clitoria ternatea Flower: An Efficient Catalyst for Removal of Methyl Orange. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 102(17); 5247–5263
Kurinjinathan, P., J. Thanigai Arul, E. Ramana Ramya, M. H. H., A. Hegazy, Umar, and N. Ahmad (2020). Effect of Nickel Doping on the Properties of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 20(4); 2482–2487
Lamkhao, S., M. Phaya, C. Jansakun, N. Chandet, K. Thongkorn, G. Rujijanagul, and C. Randorn (2019). Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite with Antibacterial Properties Using a Microwave-Assisted Combustion Method. Scientific Reports, 9(1); 1–9
Liang, W., Y. Niu, S. Ge, S. Song, J. Su, and Z. Luo (2012). Effects of Hydrothermal Treatment on the Properties of Nanoapatite Crystals. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 7; 5151–5158
Mardziah, C. M., N. R. N. Masdek, N. M. Mubarak, and S. Ramesh (2023). Characteristics of Zinc-Doped Hydroxyapatite Prepared Using Biogenic and Synthetic Calcium Precursor. Proceeding of 5th International Conference on Advances in Manufacturing and Materials Engineering; 175–181
Mashaqbeh, H., R. Obaidat, M. M. Alsmadi, S. Bardaweel, and N. Hailat (2024). Characterization and Optimization of Colon-Specific Nanosponges Immobilized Polymeric Microbeads Formulation for the Combined Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil and Curcumin. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 99; 105968
Mayer, I., F. J. G. Cuisinier, S. Gdalya, and I. Popov (2008). TEM Study of the Morphology of Mn2+-Doped Calcium Hydroxyapatite and ????-Tricalcium Phosphate. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 102(2); 311–317
Mohammad, M. K., S. H. Ahmed, and R. A. J. Alameri (2021). Green Medicine: A Novel Preparation Method for Green Synthesizing of Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Beta vulgaris Extract. Archives of Razi Institute, 76(5); 1109–1114
Mohammed, E., B. Tbib, and K. El-Hami (2018). High Photocatalytic Activity of Hydroxyapatite Bio-Degradable Semiconductor for Solar Panels and Environment Protection. ISTE OpenScience; 1–8
Mondal, S., S. Park, J. Choi, T. T. H. Vu, V. H. M. Doan, T. T. Vo, and J. Oh (2023). Hydroxyapatite: A Journey from Biomaterials to Advanced Functional Materials. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 321; 103013
Naveenkumar, R., and G. Baskar (2021). Process Optimization, Green Chemistry Balance and Technoeconomic Analysis of Biodiesel Production from Castor Oil Using Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst. Bioresource Technology, 320; 124347
Nicácio, T. C. N., M. A. M. Castro, M. C. N. Melo, T. A. Silva, M. D. Teodoro, M. R. D. Bomio, and F. V. Motta (2024). Zn and Ni Doped Hydroxyapatite: Study of the Influence of the Type of Energy Source on the Photocatalytic Activity and Antimicrobial Properties. Ceramics International, 50(15); 27540–27552
Nisar, P., N. Ali, L. Rahman, M. Ali, and Z. K. Shinwari (2019). Antimicrobial Activities of Biologically Synthesized Metal Nanoparticles: An Insight into the Mechanism of Action. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 24(7); 929–941
Olguin, J. E., M. G. Mendoza-Rodriguez, C. A. Sanchez-Barrera, and L. I. Terrazas (2023). Is the Combination of Immunotherapy with Conventional Chemotherapy the Key to Increase the Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer Treatment? World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology, 15(2); 251–267
Poh Yan, L., S. C. B. Gopinath, S. Subramaniam, Y. Chen, P. Velusamy, S. V. Chinni, and V. R. Lebaka (2022). Greener Synthesis of Nanostructured Iron Oxide for Medical and Sustainable Agro-Environmental Benefits. Frontiers in Chemistry, 10; 1–15
Prabhu, S., T. D. Thangadurai, P. V. Bharathy, and P. Kalugasalam (2022). Investigation on the Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities of Green Synthesized Cupric Oxide Nanoparticles Using Clitoria ternatea. Iranian Journal of Catalysis, 12(1); 394–400
Predoi, D., S. L. Iconaru, M. V. Predoi, M. Motelica-Heino, R. Guegan, and N. Buton (2019). Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Zinc-Doped Hydroxyapatite Colloids and Dispersion Stability Using Ultrasounds. Nanomaterials, 9(4); 515
Prekajski, M., B. Jokíc, A. Kalijadis, J. Maletaškíc, N. Stankovíc, J. Lukovíc, and B. Matovíc (2016). Synthesis of Silver Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanospheres Using Ouzo Effect. Processing and Application of Ceramics, 10(3); 169–174
Robles-Águila, M. J., J. A. Reyes-Avendano, and M. E. Mendoza (2017). Structural Analysis of Metal-Doped (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) Calcium Hydroxyapatite Synthetized by a Sol-Gel Microwave-Assisted Method. Ceramics International, 43(15); 12705–12709
Scharnweber, T., C. Santos, R. P. Franke, M. M. Almeida, and M. E. V. Costa (2008). Influence of Spray-Dried Hydroxyapatite-5-Fluorouracil Granules on Cell Lines Derived From Tissues of Mesenchymal Origin. Molecules, 13(11); 2729–2739
Shaheen, J., Y. H. Fseha, and B. Sizirici (2022). Performance, Life Cycle Assessment, and Economic Comparison Between Date Palm Waste Biochar and Activated Carbon Derived From Woody Biomass. Heliyon, 8(12); e12388
Shakeri-Zadeh, A., M. B. Shiran, S. Khoee, A. M. Sharifi, H. Ghaznavi, and S. Khoei (2014). A New Magnetic Nanocapsule Containing 5-Fluorouracil: In Vivo Drug Release, Anti-Tumor, and Pro-Apoptotic Effects on CT26 Cells Allograft Model. Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 29(4); 548–556
Silva, C. C., M. P. F. Graça, M. A. Valente, and A. S. B. Sombra (2007). Crystallite Size Study of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite and Ceramic System With Titanium Oxide Obtained by Dry Ball Milling. Journal of Materials Science, 42(11); 3851–3855
Sinulingga, K., M. Sirait, N. Siregar, and M. E. Doloksaribu (2021). Investigation of Antibacterial Activity and Cell Viability of Ag/Mg and Ag/Zn Co-Doped Hydroxyapatite Derived From Natural Limestone. ACS Omega, 6(49); 34185–34191
Sundrarajan, M., S. Jegatheeswaran, S. Selvam, N. Sanjeevi, and M. Balaji (2015). The Ionic Liquid Assisted Green Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Nanoplates by Moringa oleifera Flower Extract: A Biomimetic Approach. Materials and Design, 88; 1183–1190
Unal, I., B. Aydogdu, and M. Aytar (2024). Plant Extract-Based Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticle and Silver–Zinc Nanocomposites-Doped Hydroxyapatite and Its Antimicrobial Activity. Advances in Applied Ceramics: Structural, Functional and Bioceramics, 123(1–3)
Varadavenkatesan, T., R. Vinayagam, S. Pai, B. Kathirvel, A. Pugazhendhi, and R. Selvaraj (2021). Synthesis, Biological and Environmental Applications of Hydroxyapatite and Its Composites With Organic and Inorganic Coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 151; 106056
Wang, Y., X. Yang, Z. Gu, H. Qin, L. Li, J. Liu, and X. Yu (2016). In Vitro Study on the Degradation of Lithium-Doped Hydroxyapatite for Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold. Materials Science and Engineering C, 66; 185–192
Xu, J. J., W. C. Zhang, Y. W. Guo, X. Y. Chen, and Y. N. Zhang (2022). Metal Nanoparticles as a Promising Technology in Targeted Cancer Treatment. Drug Delivery, 29(1); 664–678
Yadav, M. K., R. H. Shukla, and K. G. P. C (2023). A Comprehensive Review on Development of Waste Derived Hydroxyapatite (HAp) for Tissue Engineering Application. Materials Today: Proceedings, (in Press)
Yeshchenko, O. A., V. V. Kozachenko, and A. V. Tomchuk (2018). Surface Plasmon Resonance in “Monolayer of Ni Nanoparticles/Dielectric Spacer/Au (Ni) Film” Nanostructure: Tuning by Variation of Spacer Thickness. Ukrainian Journal of Physics, 63(5); 386–395
Yilmaz, G. E., I. Göktürk, M. Ovezova, F. Yilmaz, S. Kilic, and A. Denizli (2023). Antimicrobial Nanomaterials: A Review. Hygiene, 3(3); 269–290
Yoga Darmawan, M., N. Imani Istiqomah, N. Adrianto, R. Marsel Tumbelaka, A. Dwi Nugraheni, and E. Suharyadi (2023). Green Synthesis of Fe3O4/Ag Composite Nanoparticles Using Moringa oleifera: Exploring Microstructure, Optical, and Magnetic Properties for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications. Results in Chemistry, 6; 100999
Yuan, Q., J. Wu, C. Qin, A. Xu, Z. Zhang, Y. Lin, and P. Zhang (2017). One-Pot Synthesis and Characterization of Zn-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 199; 122–130
Afarideh, B., M. Rajabibazl, M. Omidi, A. Bahramyaghmaee, Rahimpour, R. Khodabakhshi, and S. Sarvarian (2018). Anticancer Activity of Graphene Oxide/5-Fu on CT26 DSRED Adenocarcinoma Cell Line. Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 34(4); 2002–2007
Al-darwesh, M. Y., S. S. Ibrahim, and M. A. Mohammed (2024). A Review on Plant Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Biomedical Applications. Results in Chemistry, 7; 101368
Alorku, K., M. Manoj, and A. Yuan (2020). A Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications: A Review. RSC Advances, 10(67); 40923–40939
Altaee, M. F., L. A. Yaaqoob, and Z. K. Kamona (2020). Evaluation of the Biological Activity of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles as Antibacterial and Anticancer Agents. Iraqi Journal of Science, 61(11); 2888–2896
Anastasiou, A. D., C. L. Thomson, S. A. Hussain, T. J. Edwards, S. Strafford, M. Malinowski, and A. Jha (2016). Sintering of Calcium Phosphates with a Femtosecond Pulsed Laser for Hard Tissue Engineering. Materials and Design, 101; 346–354
Azizi, A. (2020). Green Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Its Application in Preparation of Fe3O4/Cellulose Magnetic Nanocomposite: A Suitable Proposal for Drug Delivery Systems. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, 30(9); 3552–3561
Balto, H., M. Amina, R. S. Bhat, H. M. Al-Yousef, S. H. Auda, and A. Elansary (2023). Green Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles Using Salvadora persica and Their Application in Antimicrobial Activity Against Oral Microbes. Microbiology Research, 14(4); 1879–1893
Berkün Olgun, O., B. Palas, S. Atalay, and G. Ersöz (2021). Photocatalytic Oxidation and Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of Real Pharmaceutical Wastewater in the Presence of Fe and LaFeO3 Doped Activated Carbon Catalysts. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 171; 421–432
Chen, Y., J. Yang, L. Zeng, and M. Zhu (2022). Recent Progress on the Removal of Antibiotic Pollutants Using Photocatalytic Oxidation Process. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 52(8); 1401–1448
Ciobanu, C. S., S. L. Iconaru, C. L. Popa, M. Motelica-Heino, and D. Predoi (2015). Evaluation of Samarium Doped Hydroxyapatite, Ceramics for Medical Application: Antimicrobial Activity. Journal of Nanomaterials, 2015(1); 849216
Diwan, H., S. Dan, and M. K. Sah (2024). Synergistic Effect of Waste-Derived β-Tricalcium Phosphate Microbeads Loaded in Hydroxyapatite-Keratin-Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite Matrix in Drug Release for Osteosarcoma Treatment. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 10(1); 109
Elbasuney, S., G. S. El-Sayyad, S. M. Radwan, and M. A. Correa-Duarte (2022). Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Silver Doped Hydroxyapatite: A Novel Bioceramic Material for Dental Filling. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, 32(12); 4559–4575
Far, H., M. Hamici, N. Brihi, K. Haddadi, M. Boudissa, T. Chihi, and M. Fatmi (2022). High-Performance Photocatalytic Degradation of NiO Nanoparticles Embedded on α-Fe2O3 Nanoporous Layers Under Visible Light Irradiation. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 19; 1944–1960
Fatimah, I., P. W. Citradewi, G. Fadillah, I. Sahroni, G. Purwiandono, and R. A. Dong (2021a). Enhanced Performance of Magnetic Montmorillonite Nanocomposite as Adsorbent for Cu(II) by Hydrothermal Synthesis. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(1); 104968
Fatimah, I., P. W. Citradewi, A. Yahya, B. H. Nugroho, H. Hidayat, G. Purwiandono, and S. Ibrahim (2021b). Biosynthesized Gold Nanoparticles-Doped Hydroxyapatite as Antibacterial and Antioxidant Nanocomposite. Materials Research Express, 8(11); 0–10
Fatimah, I., H. Hidayat, P. W. Citradewi, M. Tamyiz, R. A. Doong, and S. Sagadevan (2023). Hydrothermally Synthesized Titanium/Hydroxyapatite as Photoactive and Antibacterial Biomaterial. Heliyon, 9(3); e14434
Fatimah, I., H. Hidayat, B. H. Nugroho, and S. Husein (2020). Ultrasound-Assisted Biosynthesis of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles Using Clitoria ternatea Flower. South African Journal of Chemical Engineering, 34; 97–106
Fatimah, I., H. Hidayat, G. Purwiandono, K. Khoirunisa, H. A. Zahra, R. Audita, and S. Sagadevan (2022). Green Synthesis of Antibacterial Nanocomposite of Silver Nanoparticle-Doped Hydroxyapatite Utilizing Curcuma longa Leaf Extract and Land Snail (Achatina Fulica) Shell Waste. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 13(2); 84
Fatimah, I., G. D. Ramanda, S. Sagadevan, Suratno, M. Tamyiz, and R. A. Doong (2024). One-Pot Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles-Embedded Biochar and Insight on Adsorption, Catalytic Oxidation, and Photocatalytic Oxidation of Dye. Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 10; 100767
Fihri, A., C. Len, R. S. Varma, and A. Solhy (2017). Hydroxyapatite: A Review of Syntheses, Structure, and Applications in Heterogeneous Catalysis. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 347; 46–76
Haider, A. J., R. Al-Anbari, H. M. Sami, and M. J. Haider (2019). Photocatalytic Activity of Nickel Oxide. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 8(3); 2802–2808
Ilbeigi, G., A. Kariminik, and M. H. Moshafi (2019). The Antibacterial Activities of NiO Nanoparticles Against Some Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Strains. International Journal of Basic Science in Medicine, 4(2); 69–74
In, Y., U. Amornkitbamrung, M. H. Hong, and H. Shin (2020). On the Crystallization of Hydroxyapatite Under Hydrothermal Conditions: Role of Sebacic Acid as an Additive. ACS Omega, 5(42); 27204–27210
Ivankovic, T., H. Turk, J. Hrenovic, Z. Schauperl, M. Ivankovic, and A. Ressler (2023). Antibacterial Activity of Silver-Doped Hydroxyapatite Toward Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 458; 131867
Jeyaraj, E. J., Y. Y. Lim, and W. S. Choo (2021). Extraction Methods of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) Flower and Biological Activities of Its Phytochemicals. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 58(6); 2054–2067
Jiji, K. N., and P. Muralidharan (2021). Identification and Characterization of Phytoconstituents of Ethanolic Root Extract of Clitoria ternatea L. Utilizing HR-LCMS Analysis. Plant Science Today, 8(3); 535–540
Kanasan, N., S. Adzila, H. A. Rahman, N. Bano, G. Panerselvan, and N. A. Hidayati (2018). FTIR and XRD Evaluation of Magnesium-Doped Hydroxyapatite/Sodium Alginate Powder by Precipitation Method. Key Engineering Materials, 791; 45–49
Kanchana, P., and C. Sekar (2012). Effect of Magnesium on the Mechanical and Bioactive Properties of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 11(10); 982–988
Khwannimit, D., R. Maungchang, and P. Rattanakit (2020). Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Clitoria ternatea Flower: An Efficient Catalyst for Removal of Methyl Orange. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 102(17); 5247–5263
Kurinjinathan, P., J. Thanigai Arul, E. Ramana Ramya, M. H. H., A. Hegazy, Umar, and N. Ahmad (2020). Effect of Nickel Doping on the Properties of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 20(4); 2482–2487
Lamkhao, S., M. Phaya, C. Jansakun, N. Chandet, K. Thongkorn, G. Rujijanagul, and C. Randorn (2019). Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite with Antibacterial Properties Using a Microwave-Assisted Combustion Method. Scientific Reports, 9(1); 1–9
Liang, W., Y. Niu, S. Ge, S. Song, J. Su, and Z. Luo (2012). Effects of Hydrothermal Treatment on the Properties of Nanoapatite Crystals. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 7; 5151–5158
Mardziah, C. M., N. R. N. Masdek, N. M. Mubarak, and S. Ramesh (2023). Characteristics of Zinc-Doped Hydroxyapatite Prepared Using Biogenic and Synthetic Calcium Precursor. Proceeding of 5th International Conference on Advances in Manufacturing and Materials Engineering; 175–181
Mashaqbeh, H., R. Obaidat, M. M. Alsmadi, S. Bardaweel, and N. Hailat (2024). Characterization and Optimization of Colon-Specific Nanosponges Immobilized Polymeric Microbeads Formulation for the Combined Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil and Curcumin. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 99; 105968
Mayer, I., F. J. G. Cuisinier, S. Gdalya, and I. Popov (2008). TEM Study of the Morphology of Mn2+-Doped Calcium Hydroxyapatite and ????-Tricalcium Phosphate. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 102(2); 311–317
Mohammad, M. K., S. H. Ahmed, and R. A. J. Alameri (2021). Green Medicine: A Novel Preparation Method for Green Synthesizing of Iron Nanoparticles Derived from Beta vulgaris Extract. Archives of Razi Institute, 76(5); 1109–1114
Mohammed, E., B. Tbib, and K. El-Hami (2018). High Photocatalytic Activity of Hydroxyapatite Bio-Degradable Semiconductor for Solar Panels and Environment Protection. ISTE OpenScience; 1–8
Mondal, S., S. Park, J. Choi, T. T. H. Vu, V. H. M. Doan, T. T. Vo, and J. Oh (2023). Hydroxyapatite: A Journey from Biomaterials to Advanced Functional Materials. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 321; 103013
Naveenkumar, R., and G. Baskar (2021). Process Optimization, Green Chemistry Balance and Technoeconomic Analysis of Biodiesel Production from Castor Oil Using Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst. Bioresource Technology, 320; 124347
Nicácio, T. C. N., M. A. M. Castro, M. C. N. Melo, T. A. Silva, M. D. Teodoro, M. R. D. Bomio, and F. V. Motta (2024). Zn and Ni Doped Hydroxyapatite: Study of the Influence of the Type of Energy Source on the Photocatalytic Activity and Antimicrobial Properties. Ceramics International, 50(15); 27540–27552
Nisar, P., N. Ali, L. Rahman, M. Ali, and Z. K. Shinwari (2019). Antimicrobial Activities of Biologically Synthesized Metal Nanoparticles: An Insight into the Mechanism of Action. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 24(7); 929–941
Olguin, J. E., M. G. Mendoza-Rodriguez, C. A. Sanchez-Barrera, and L. I. Terrazas (2023). Is the Combination of Immunotherapy with Conventional Chemotherapy the Key to Increase the Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer Treatment? World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology, 15(2); 251–267
Poh Yan, L., S. C. B. Gopinath, S. Subramaniam, Y. Chen, P. Velusamy, S. V. Chinni, and V. R. Lebaka (2022). Greener Synthesis of Nanostructured Iron Oxide for Medical and Sustainable Agro-Environmental Benefits. Frontiers in Chemistry, 10; 1–15
Prabhu, S., T. D. Thangadurai, P. V. Bharathy, and P. Kalugasalam (2022). Investigation on the Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities of Green Synthesized Cupric Oxide Nanoparticles Using Clitoria ternatea. Iranian Journal of Catalysis, 12(1); 394–400
Predoi, D., S. L. Iconaru, M. V. Predoi, M. Motelica-Heino, R. Guegan, and N. Buton (2019). Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Zinc-Doped Hydroxyapatite Colloids and Dispersion Stability Using Ultrasounds. Nanomaterials, 9(4); 515
Prekajski, M., B. Jokíc, A. Kalijadis, J. Maletaškíc, N. Stankovíc, J. Lukovíc, and B. Matovíc (2016). Synthesis of Silver Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanospheres Using Ouzo Effect. Processing and Application of Ceramics, 10(3); 169–174
Robles-Águila, M. J., J. A. Reyes-Avendano, and M. E. Mendoza (2017). Structural Analysis of Metal-Doped (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) Calcium Hydroxyapatite Synthetized by a Sol-Gel Microwave-Assisted Method. Ceramics International, 43(15); 12705–12709
Scharnweber, T., C. Santos, R. P. Franke, M. M. Almeida, and M. E. V. Costa (2008). Influence of Spray-Dried Hydroxyapatite-5-Fluorouracil Granules on Cell Lines Derived From Tissues of Mesenchymal Origin. Molecules, 13(11); 2729–2739
Shaheen, J., Y. H. Fseha, and B. Sizirici (2022). Performance, Life Cycle Assessment, and Economic Comparison Between Date Palm Waste Biochar and Activated Carbon Derived From Woody Biomass. Heliyon, 8(12); e12388
Shakeri-Zadeh, A., M. B. Shiran, S. Khoee, A. M. Sharifi, H. Ghaznavi, and S. Khoei (2014). A New Magnetic Nanocapsule Containing 5-Fluorouracil: In Vivo Drug Release, Anti-Tumor, and Pro-Apoptotic Effects on CT26 Cells Allograft Model. Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 29(4); 548–556
Silva, C. C., M. P. F. Graça, M. A. Valente, and A. S. B. Sombra (2007). Crystallite Size Study of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite and Ceramic System With Titanium Oxide Obtained by Dry Ball Milling. Journal of Materials Science, 42(11); 3851–3855
Sinulingga, K., M. Sirait, N. Siregar, and M. E. Doloksaribu (2021). Investigation of Antibacterial Activity and Cell Viability of Ag/Mg and Ag/Zn Co-Doped Hydroxyapatite Derived From Natural Limestone. ACS Omega, 6(49); 34185–34191
Sundrarajan, M., S. Jegatheeswaran, S. Selvam, N. Sanjeevi, and M. Balaji (2015). The Ionic Liquid Assisted Green Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Nanoplates by Moringa oleifera Flower Extract: A Biomimetic Approach. Materials and Design, 88; 1183–1190
Unal, I., B. Aydogdu, and M. Aytar (2024). Plant Extract-Based Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticle and Silver–Zinc Nanocomposites-Doped Hydroxyapatite and Its Antimicrobial Activity. Advances in Applied Ceramics: Structural, Functional and Bioceramics, 123(1–3)
Varadavenkatesan, T., R. Vinayagam, S. Pai, B. Kathirvel, A. Pugazhendhi, and R. Selvaraj (2021). Synthesis, Biological and Environmental Applications of Hydroxyapatite and Its Composites With Organic and Inorganic Coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 151; 106056
Wang, Y., X. Yang, Z. Gu, H. Qin, L. Li, J. Liu, and X. Yu (2016). In Vitro Study on the Degradation of Lithium-Doped Hydroxyapatite for Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold. Materials Science and Engineering C, 66; 185–192
Xu, J. J., W. C. Zhang, Y. W. Guo, X. Y. Chen, and Y. N. Zhang (2022). Metal Nanoparticles as a Promising Technology in Targeted Cancer Treatment. Drug Delivery, 29(1); 664–678
Yadav, M. K., R. H. Shukla, and K. G. P. C (2023). A Comprehensive Review on Development of Waste Derived Hydroxyapatite (HAp) for Tissue Engineering Application. Materials Today: Proceedings, (in Press)
Yeshchenko, O. A., V. V. Kozachenko, and A. V. Tomchuk (2018). Surface Plasmon Resonance in “Monolayer of Ni Nanoparticles/Dielectric Spacer/Au (Ni) Film” Nanostructure: Tuning by Variation of Spacer Thickness. Ukrainian Journal of Physics, 63(5); 386–395
Yilmaz, G. E., I. Göktürk, M. Ovezova, F. Yilmaz, S. Kilic, and A. Denizli (2023). Antimicrobial Nanomaterials: A Review. Hygiene, 3(3); 269–290
Yoga Darmawan, M., N. Imani Istiqomah, N. Adrianto, R. Marsel Tumbelaka, A. Dwi Nugraheni, and E. Suharyadi (2023). Green Synthesis of Fe3O4/Ag Composite Nanoparticles Using Moringa oleifera: Exploring Microstructure, Optical, and Magnetic Properties for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications. Results in Chemistry, 6; 100999
Yuan, Q., J. Wu, C. Qin, A. Xu, Z. Zhang, Y. Lin, and P. Zhang (2017). One-Pot Synthesis and Characterization of Zn-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 199; 122–130
Authors
Fatimah, I., Nurlaela, N., Fauziyyah, A. Z., Sagadevan, S., Hidayat, H., Haneef, M. N. M., Daud, M. F. ., Kamari, A., & Oh, W.-C. (2025). Clitoria ternatea Flower Extract Mediated Synthesis of Ni-Doped Hydroxyapatite as Photocatalyst, Antibacterial, and Drug Delivery Agent for Anticancer Drug. Science and Technology Indonesia, 10(2), 360–373. https://doi.org/10.26554/sti.2025.10.2.360-373
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.